Abstract

1. Nhanganyaya

2. Pre-Instalation Kugadzirira

2.1 Equipment uye Component Verification

• Chisimbiso Kuenderana Chengetedza: Simbisa kuti mechaniki chisimbiso inoenderana nemvura iri kubatwa (semuenzaniso, tembiricha, kudzvanywa, kuumbwa kwemakemikari), modhi yemidziyo, uye saizi yeshaft. Tarisa kune dhairekitori remugadziri kana tekinoroji dhizaini kuti uone dhizaini yechisimbiso (semuenzaniso, elastomer zvinhu, kumeso zvinhu) zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa. Semuyenzaniso, chisimbiso chakagadzirirwa sevhisi yemvura chinogona kusamira netembiricha yakakwira uye nekuora kwekemikari yepetroleum-based fluid.
• Component Inspection: Ongorora zvese zvinoumba chisimbiso (chiso chakamira, chiso chinotenderera, zvitubu, elastomers, O-mhete, gaskets, uye hardware) yezviratidzo zvekukuvara, kupfeka, kana kuremara. Tarisa uone pakatsemuka, machipisi, kana mavanga pachiso chesimbiso - kunyangwe kusakwana kudiki kunogona kukonzera kuvuza. Ongorora elastomers (semuenzaniso, nitrile, Viton, EPDM) kuomarara, kuchinjika, uye zviratidzo zvekuchembera (semuenzaniso, brittleness, kuzvimba), sezvo yakaderedzwa elastomers haigone kugadzira chisimbiso chinoshanda. Ita shuwa kuti zvitubu hazvina ngura, deformation, kana kuneta, sezvo ivo vachichengetedza inodiwa yekusangana pakati pezviso zvechisimbiso.
• Shaft uye Yekuongororwa Kwedzimba: Ongorora shaft yemidziyo (kana sleeve) uye pemba pane kukuvara kunogona kukanganisa kurongeka kwechisimbiso kana zvigaro. Tarisa shaft ye eccentricity, ovality, kana kuremara kwepasi (semuenzaniso, makorokoza, magrooves) munzvimbo inotenderedzwa seal chikamu chichaiswa. Iyo shaft yepamusoro inofanirwa kuve nekupera kwakatsetseka (kazhinji Ra 0.2-0.8 μm) kudzivirira kukuvara kwe elastomer uye kuve nechokwadi chekuisa chisimbiso. Ongorora imba yakaborewa kuti yakapfekwa, haina kurongeka, kana marara, uye ona kuti chigaro chakamira chisimbiso (kana chakabatanidzwa mudzimba) chakati sandara uye chisina kukuvara.
• Dimensional Verification: Shandisa maturusi ekuyeresa chaiwo (eg, calipers, micrometers, dial indicators) kusimbisa hukuru hwakakosha. Eresa dhayamita yeshaft kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inoenderana nedhayamita yemukati yechisimbiso, uye tarisa dhayamita yeimba inopesana nedhayamita rekunze rechisimbiso. Tarisa chinhambwe pakati pefudzi reshaft uye kumeso kwemba kuti uone kuti chisimbiso chichaiswa pakadzika chaihwo.

2.2 Kugadzirira Kwekushandisa

• Precision Measuring Tools: Calipers (digital kana vernier), micrometers, dial zviratidzo (zvekutarisa macheki), uye majeji akadzika kuti aone hukuru uye kurongeka.
• Torque Zvishandiso: Torque wrenches (manual kana dhijitari) yakanamirwa kune zvakatemwa zvemugadziri kuti aise iyo torque chaiyo kumabhaudhi uye mabhaudhi. Kuwedzeredza-torqueing kunogona kukuvadza elastomers kana deform zvisimbiso zvikamu, nepo pasi-torqueing inogona kutungamira kune yakasununguka kubatana uye kuvuza.
• Zvishandiso zvekuisa: Kuisa chisimbiso maoko (kudzivirira elastomers uye zviso zvisimbiso panguva yekukwira), shaft liners (kudzivirira makwara pashaft), uye sando dzakapfava (semuenzaniso, rabha kana ndarira) kupinza zvinhu panzvimbo pasina kukuvadza.
• Zvishandiso Zvokuchenesa: Machira asina-Lint, mabhurashi asina-abrasive, uye anowirirana ekuchenesa zvinonyungudutsa (semuenzaniso, isopropyl doro, mineral spirits) kuchenesa zvikamu uye midziyo pamusoro. Dzivisa kushandisa zvinonyungudutsa zvine hasha zvinogona kushatisa elastomer.
• Midziyo Yekuchengetedza: Magirazi ekuchengetedza, magirovhosi (anodzivirira kemikari kana uchibata mvura ine njodzi), kudzivirira nzeve (kana uchishanda nemudziyo une ruzha), uye nhovo yekumeso (yepamusoro-kudzvanya maapplication).

2.3 Kugadzirira Kwenzvimbo Yebasa

• Chenesa Zvakatenderedza: Bvisa marara, guruva, uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa munzvimbo yebasa. Fukidza midziyo iri pedyo kudzivirira kukanganisa kana kusvibiswa.
• Gadzira bhenji rekushanda: Shandisa bhenji rakachena, rakapfava kuti uunganidze zvikamu zvechisimbiso. Isa jira risina-lint kana rubber mat pabhenji rekushanda kuti uchengetedze zviso zvechisimbiso kubva kune mavanga.
• Label Zvikamu: Kana chisimbiso chabviswa (semuenzaniso, kuti chiongororwe), nyora chikamu chimwe nechimwe kuti uve nechokwadi chekubatanidzwazve. Shandisa midziyo midiki kana mabhegi kuchengeta zvidimbu zvidiki (semuenzaniso, zvitubu, O-maringi) uye kudzivirira kurasikirwa.
• Ongorora Zvinyorwa: Iva negwaro rekuisa remugadziri, madhirowa emidziyo, uye mapepa ekuchengetedza data (SDS) ari kuwanikwa zviri nyore. Zvijaire nematanho chaiwo eiyo chisimbiso modhi iri kuiswa, sezvo maitiro anogona kusiyana pakati pevagadziri.

3. Nhanho-nhanho Kuiswa kweMechanical Seals

3.1 General Installation Procedure (Non-Cartridge Seals)

3.1.1 Shaft uye Gadziriro Yedzimba

1. Chenesa Shaft uye Dzimba: Shandisa jira-risina jira uye rinoenderana nesolvent kuchenesa shaft (kana sleeve) uye bhomba remba. Bvisa zvisimbiso zvekare, ngura, kana marara. Kune zvakasindimara zvakasara, shandisa bhurashi risingagadzike-rega kushandisa sandpaper kana waya mabhurashi, sezvo vanogona kukwenya pamusoro peshaft.
2. Ongorora Kukuvadzwa: Tarisazve shaft uye imba kune chero hurema hwakapotswa panguva yekumisikidzwa. Kana shaft iine zvikwambo zvidiki, shandisa yakanaka-grit sandpaper (400-600 grit) kukwenenzvera pasi, uchishanda munzira yekutenderera shaft. Kuti uwane kukwenya kwakadzika kana eccentricity, tsiva shaft kana isa shaft sleeve.
3. Isa Lubricant (Kana Zvichidiwa): Isa chidimbu chitete chemafuta anopindirana (semuenzaniso, mineral oil, silicone girisi) kune shaft pamusoro uye mukati memukati wechikamu chinotenderera chisimbiso. Izvi zvinoderedza kupokana panguva yekuisa uye kudzivirira kukuvara kune elastomers. Ita shuwa kuti lubricant inoenderana nemvura iri kubatwa-semuenzaniso, rega kushandisa mafuta-based lubricant ane zvinwiwa zvinonyungudika nemvura.

3.1.2 Kuisa Stationary Seal Component

1. Gadzirira Chigaro cheStationary: Ongorora chigaro chakamira kuona chakakanganisika uye chichenese nejira risina lint. Kana chigaro chine O-ring kana gasket, isa chidimbu chitete chemafuta kuO-ring kurerutsira kuisa.
2. Insert theStationary SeatmuImba: Nyatsopinza chigaro chakamira muchibhorani chedzimba, uchiona kuti chakanyatsoenderana. Shandisa sando ine chiso chakapfava kurovera chigaro panzvimbo kusvika chanyatsogara pabendekete remba. Usashandise simba rakawandisa, sezvo izvi zvinogona kutsemura chiso chakamira.
3. Chengetedza Chigaro Chekugara (Kana Zvichidiwa): Zvimwe zvigaro zvakamira zvinobatwa nerin’i inochengeta, mabhaudhi, kana ndiro yegland. Kana ukashandisa mabhaudhi, isa iyo torque chaiyo (pakuenderana nemugadziri) mune crisscross pateni kuti uve nechokwadi chekumanikidza. Usawedzere-torque, sezvo izvi zvinogona kukanganisa chigaro kana kukuvadza O-ring.

3.1.3 Kuisa Chikamu chinotenderera Chisimbiso

1. Unganidza Chikamu Chinotenderera: Kana chikamu chinotenderera chisati chabatanidzwa, batanidza chiso chinotenderera kune sleeve ye shaft uchishandisa hardware yakapiwa (semuenzaniso, misa screws, lock nuts). Ita shuwa kuti chiso chinotenderera chakaita kuti chienderane neruoko uye chakasimbiswa zvakachengeteka. Isa zvitubu (zvimwechete kana akawanda-chitubu) pane sleeve, kuve nechokwadi kuti zvakamisikidzwa nenzira kwayo (pamwe nedhiyagiramu yemugadziri) kuchengetedza kunyangwe kudzvanywa pachiso chinotenderera.
2. Isa iyo Inotenderedza Component paShaft: Svetera chinotenderera chinotenderera pashaft, kuve nechokwadi chekuti chiso chinotenderera chakaenzana nechiso chakamira. Shandisa sleeve yekuisa chisimbiso kuchengetedza elastomers (semuenzaniso, O-mhete paruoko) uye chiso chinotenderera kubva kune mavanga panguva yekuisa. Kana shaft iine kiyi, gadzirisa kiyi paruoko nekiyi yeshaft kuti uone kutenderera kwakakodzera.
3. Chengetedza Chikamu Chinotenderera: Kana chikamu chinotenderera chave panzvimbo chaiyo (kazhinji pakatarisana nefudzi reshaft kana rin'i yekuchengeta), chengetedza uchishandisa masiruu akaseti kana kiyi yekiyi. Simbisa masiruuru mune crisscross pateni, uchishandisa torque inotsanangurwa nemugadziri. Dzivisa kunyanya-kusimbisa, sezvo izvi zvinogona kukanganisa sleeve kana kukuvadza chiso chinotenderera.

3.1.4 Kuisa Gland Plate uye Macheki ekupedzisira

1. Gadzirira Gland Plate: Ongorora iyo gland plate yekukuvara uye uichenese zvakakwana. Kana iyo gland plate ine O-mhete kana gaskets, dzitsive nemitsva (pakukurudzira kwemugadziri) uye shandisa chidimbu chitete chemafuta kuti uve nechokwadi chekusimbisa chisimbiso.
2. Mount the Gland Plate: Isa iyo gland plate pamusoro pezvisimbiso zvikamu, kuve nechokwadi kuti yakabatana nemabhaudhi edzimba. Pinza mabhaudhi woasimbisa nemaoko kuti ubatisise girafu panzvimbo.
3. Gadzirisa Gland Plate: Shandisa dial chiratidzo kuti utarise kurongeka kweplate yegland neshaft. Kubuda (eccentricity) kunofanirwa kunge kuri pasi pe 0.05 mm (0.002 inches) pahomwe yegland plate. Gadzirisa mabhaudhi sezvinodiwa kugadzirisa kusarongeka.
4. Torque the Gland Plate Bolts: Uchishandisa chipanera che torque, simbisa mabhaudhi eplate regland mune crisscross pateni kune torque yakatsanangurwa nemugadziri. Izvi zvinovimbisa kunyangwe kudzvanywa mhiri kwechisimbiso zviso uye kudzivirira kusarongeka. Tarisa zvakare runout mushure mekutenderera kuti uone kurongeka.
5. Kuongorora Kwekupedzisira: Tarisa uone zvese zvikamu kuti uone kuti zvakaiswa nemazvo. Tarisa kuti pane makwapa pakati peplate yegland nedzimba, woona kuti chinotenderera chinofamba zvakasununguka neshaft (hapana kusunga kana kukweshana).

3.2 Kuiswa kweCartridge Seals

3.2.1 Pre-Instalation Cheki yeCartridge Seal

1. Ongorora iyo Cartridge Unit: Bvisa katuriji chisimbiso kubva pakurongedzerwa kwayo uye ongorora iyo kukuvara panguva yekutumira. Tarisa zviso zvechisimbiso kune zvikwambo kana machipisi, uye ona kuti zvese zvikamu (zvitubu, O-mhete) zvakamira uye zvakamisikidzwa zvakanaka.
2. Verify Compatibility: Simbisa kuti cartridge chisimbiso inoenderana nesaizi shaft yemidziyo, bore redzimba, uye maparamendi ekushandisa (tembiricha, kudzvanywa, rudzi rwemvura) nekuyambuka-referensi yechikamu chemugadziri ane zvirevo zvemidziyo.
3. Chenesa Chisimbiso cheCartridge: Pukuta chisimbiso checartridge nemucheka usina-lint kuti ubvise chero guruva kana marara. Usabvisa iyo cartridge unit kunze kwekunge yataurwa nemugadziri-disassembly inogona kukanganisa kurongeka kwakagara kwakamira kwezviso zvechisimbiso.

3.2.2 Shaft uye Gadziriro Yedzimba

1. Chenesa uye Ongorora Shaft: Tevedzera nhanho dzakafanana sezviri muChikamu 3.1.1 kuchenesa shaft uye kuongorora kukuvara. Ita shuwa kuti shaft pamusoro yakatsetseka uye isina mavanga kana ngura.
2. Isa iyo Shaft Sleeve (Kana Zvichidikanwa): Mamwe madhiriji evhavha anoda rakasiyana shaft sleeve. Kana zvichibvira, isa ruoko pashaft, gadzirisa nekiyi (kana iripo), uye chengetedza nemaseti screws kana kiyi nati. Simbisa iyo hardware kune iyo mugadziri torque yakatarwa.
3. Chenesa Imba Yekugara: Chenesa bhobho remba kuti ubvise chero chekare chisimbiso chakasara kana marara. Ongorora chibhorani chasakara kana kusarongeka-kana chibhorani chakanganiswa, gadzirisa kana chinja imba usati waenderera.

3.2.3 Kuisa Cartridge Chisimbiso

1. Position the Cartridge Chisimbiso: Gadzirisa chisimbiso che cartridge pamwe nebore reimba uye shaft. Ita shuwa kuti cartridge inokwira flange yakabatana nemakomba eimba.
2. Svetedza Cartridge Chisimbiso muNzvimbo: Nyatsotsvedza chisimbiso chekaturiji muchiboro cheimba, kuve nechokwadi chekuti chinotenderera chinotenderera (chakasungirirwa kune shaft) chinofamba zvakasununguka. Kana cartridge iine mudziyo wepakati (semuenzaniso, pini yegwara kana bushing), ita shuwa kuti inobatana neimba kuchengetedza kurongeka.
3. Chengetedza iyo Cartridge Flange: Isai mabhaudhi anokwirisa kuburikidza nekaturiji flange uye mudzimba. Simbisa mabhaudhi neruoko kuti ubatisise katuriji panzvimbo.
4. Gadzirisa iyo Cartridge Chisimbiso: Shandisa dial chiratidzo chekutarisa kurongeka kwekaturiji chisimbiso neshaft. Kuyera kubuda pachikamu chinotenderera-kubuda kunofanira kunge kuri pasi pe0.05 mm (0.002 inches). Gadzirisa mabhaudhi anokwirisa kana zvichidikanwa kugadzirisa kusarongeka.
5. Torque the Mounting Bolts: Simbisa mabhaudhi anokwirisa mune crisscross pateni kune yakatsanangurwa torque yemugadziri. Izvi zvinochengetedza cartridge munzvimbo uye inova nechokwadi chekuti zviso zvechisimbiso zvakamisikidzwa zvakanaka.
6. Bvisa Zvishandiso zveKuisa: Zvisimbiso zvakawanda zvekaturiji zvinosanganisira zvekuisa zvenguva pfupi (semuenzaniso, mapini ekukiya, zvivharo zvekudzivirira) kubata zviso zvechisimbiso panguva yekutumira nekuisa. Bvisa zvibatsiro izvi chete mushure mokunge cartridge yakanyatsochengetedzwa kune imba-kuibvisa kare kare kunogona kukanganisa zviso zvechisimbiso.

3.3 Mushure meKuisa Kuedzwa uye Kusimbiswa

3.3.1 Static Leak Test

1. Pressurize Equipment: Zadza mudziyo neiyo process fluid (kana inopindirana bvunzo fluid, senge mvura) uye woimanikidza kune yakajairika kushanda kumanikidza. Kana uchishandisa mvura yekuyedza, ita shuwa kuti inoenderana nezvinhu zvekusimbisa.
2. Monitor for Leaks: Ongorora nemaziso nzvimbo yakasimirirwa kuti irege kuvuza. Tarisa chimiro pakati peplate yegland uye imba, shaft uye chinotenderera chikamu, uye chisimbiso zviso. Shandisa bepa rinosveta kuti utarise kuti pane maburi madiki angave asingaonekwe nemaziso.
3. Ongorora Leak Rate: Iyo inogamuchirwa yekuvuza mwero inoenderana nekushandiswa uye indasitiri zviyero. Kune akawanda maindasitiri ekushandisa, chiyero chekuvuza chisingasviki madonhwe mashanu paminiti inogamuchirwa. Kana chiyero chekuvuza chikapfuura muganhu unogamuchirika, vhara midziyo, depressurize, uye ongorora chisimbiso kuti haina kurongeka, kukuvara kwezvikamu, kana kuiswa zvisina kunaka.

3.3.2 Dynamic Leak Test

1. Tanga Equipment: Tanga zvishandiso uye uzvibvumire kuti isvike yakajairika yekushanda kumhanya uye tembiricha. Tarisa zvishandiso zveruzha rusina kujairika kana kudedera, izvo zvinogona kuratidza kusarongeka kana kusunga kwechisimbiso.
2. Monitor for Leaks: Ongorora nzvimbo yechisimbiso kuti inodonhedza kana mudziyo uchishanda. Tarisa zviso zvechisimbiso zvekupisa kwakanyanya-kupisa kunogona kuratidza kusakwana kwemafuta kana kusaruramisa kwezviso zvechisimbiso.
3. Tarisa Kudzvanya uye Tembiricha: Tarisa maitiro ekumanikidza uye tembiricha kuti uone kuti zvinoramba zviri mukati meiyo chisimbiso chekushanda. Kana dzvinyiriro kana tembiricha yakadarika chiyero chakatarwa, vhara midziyo uye gadzirisa maparamita ekuita usati waenderera mberi nebvunzo.
4. Mhanya Zvishandiso zveNguva Yekuyedza: Shanda zvishandiso zvenguva yekuyedza (kazhinji maminetsi makumi matatu kusvika kumaawa maviri) kuve nechokwadi kuti chisimbiso chagadzikana. Munguva iyi, nguva nenguva tarisa kuti pane kubuda, ruzha, uye tembiricha. Kana pasina kuvuza kunoonekwa uye midziyo inoshanda zvakanaka, kuiswa kwechisimbiso kunobudirira.

3.3.3 Kugadziridza Kwekupedzisira (Kana Zvichidiwa)

• Tarisa Torque: Tarisa kuti mabhaudhi ese (gland plate, chinotenderera chinotenderera, chigaro chakamira) akasimbiswa kune zvakatemwa nemugadziri. Mabhaudhi akasununguka anogona kukonzera kusarongeka uye kudonha.
• Ongorora Kurongeka: Tarisazve kurongeka kwechisimbiso zviso uye gland ndiro uchishandisa dial chiratidzo. Gadzirisa chero kusarongeka nekugadzirisa mabhaudhi.
• Tarisa Chisimbiso Zviso: Kana kudonha kuchiramba, vhara midziyo, depressurize, uye bvisa chisimbiso kuti uongorore zviso. Kana zviso zvakakuvadzwa (zvakakweshwa, zvakapwanyika), zvitsive nezvitsva.
• Ongorora Elastomers: Tarisa O-mhete uye gaskets kukuvara kana kusarongeka.