Zviratidzo Zvekunyevera Pakutanga Zvisati Zvashanda Zvisimbiso zveMechanical muIndustrial Pomps

Nei Zviratidzo Zvekutanga Zvekunyevera Zvisimbiso Zvichikosha

Mumaindasitiri ekubata mvura, zvisimbiso zvemakanika zvinoshanda sechidziviriro chikuru pakati pemubato unotenderera nebhokisi repombi risingachinji. Kushanda kwavo zvakanaka kunotungamira zvakananga kuvimbika, kuchengetedzeka, uye kutevedzera nharaunda kwechikamu chose chekupomba. Munzvimbo dzine njodzi dzakadai sekugadzirisa mahydrocarbon, kugadzira makemikari, uye kugadzira magetsi, mashandiro ezvisimbiso anotongwa nematanho akasimba, kazhinji achitevedzera mitemo yakaita seAPI 682, iyo inoda kuti maawa angangoita 25,000 ekushanda nguva dzose pasina kuda kugadziriswa.

Pasinei nematanho aya ekugadzira akaomarara, zvisimbiso zvemakanika zvinoramba zviri chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukanganisa mapombi e centrifugal, zvichikonzera 65% kusvika 70% yezvirongwa zvese zvekuchengetedza pombi. Kuziva zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekuora kwechisimbiso hakusi nzira yakanakisisa yekugadzirisa chete; ibasa rakakosha rekushanda. Kupindira chisimbiso chisati chadarika miganho yaro yekushanda kunodzivirira kutsauka kudiki kwemakanika kuti kusakure kuita kutadza kwemidziyo.

Zvinoitwa nechisimbiso chemakanika mumidziyo yeindasitiri

Padanho rekutanga, achisimbiso chemuchina chinodzivirira kubuda kwemvuranekuchengetedza mukaha wakakura, usingaonekwe zvakanaka pakati penzvimbo mbiri dzakati sandara: mhete huru inotenderera nemhete yekusangana isingachinji. Zviso izvi zvakabatana kusvika pakureba kwemabhandi maviri kusvika matatu echiedza, izvo zvakaenzana ne11.6 kusvika 17.4 microinches. Firimu rakatetepa remvura—rinowanzova pakati pe0.5 ne1.5 microns—rinofamba pakati pezviso izvi kuti ripe mafuta anodiwa uye kutonhora.

Kupfuura nzvimbo dzekutanga dzekuvhara, mubatanidzwa unoshanda nezvisimbiso zvechipiri zvisina kusimba, zvakaita se elastomeric O-rings kana flexible graphite wedges, kudzivirira kubuda kwemvura mu shaft ne casing. Zvinhu zvinotakura zvinhu zvemakanika, zvinosanganisirazvitubu zvekoiri imwe chete, matsime akawanda, kana simbi dzakasungirirwa, dzinoshandisa simba re axial rinogara riripo kuti zviso zvechisimbiso zvivharwe panguva yekuchinja kwekumanikidzwa kunochinja. Pamwe chete, zvikamu izvi zvinofanirwa kugadzirisa kufamba kwe axial ne radial shaft zvichishanda nesimba panguva yekubata kumanikidzwa kwemvura kunogona kudarika 1,000 PSI (69 bar) mukushandiswa kwakanyanya.

Njodzi dzekuregeredza kuora kwechisimbiso chepakutanga

Kusateerera zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekuora kwechisimbiso kunounza matambudziko makuru ekushanda uye ezvakatipoteredza. Kana firimu remvura iri mu microscopic fluid rikatyoka kana kuti zviso zvechisimbiso zvikakuvara, kukweshana kunokonzerwa nako kunounza kupisa kwakanyanya munzvimbo iyoyo. Kukwira uku kwekupisa kunogona kukonzera kuti elastomeric secondary seals iome, itsemuke, kana kuti ibude, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa nekukurumidza kwekudzivirira. Mukushandiswa kwekubata makemikari anoputika eorganic (VOCs), izvi zvinoreva kuburitswa kwemhepo ine njodzi kunogona kukurumidza kupfuura chiyero cheEPA che500 ppm chemhepo inobuda.

Uyezve, kuora kwechisimbiso kusina kudzorwa kunowanzo konzera kukuvara kwechipiri. Chisimbiso chakakanganisika chinobvumira mvura yekushanda kufamba ichitevedza shaft, zvichisvibisa imba yekuberekera. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti kusvibiswa kwemvura yekushanda ne 0.002% mumafuta ekuzora ekuberekera kunogona kuderedza hupenyu hwebearing nekusvika 48%. Kana bearing ikakundikana, kutsauka kweshaft kunozoparadza zvikamu zvechisimbiso zvasara, zvichikanganisa pombi ne impeller, zvichiwedzera zvakanyanya chiyero chekugadzirisa.

Kuonekwa nekukurumidza kunoderedza sei nguva yekushanda uye mari yekushandisa

Kuona nekukurumidza kusakara kwechisimbiso chemuchina kunochinja zvakanyanya mamiriro ehupfumi hwekugadzirisa pombi. Kutsiva chisimbiso chemuchina panguva yakatarwa kunobvumira mapoka ekutenga kutenga zvikamu pasina kukurumidzisa muripo uye kunoita kuti mashandiro achinje kune michina yakamira pasina kukanganisa kufamba kwekugadzira. Kutsiva chisimbiso chekaturiji chakarongwa chepombi yeANSI inowanzoita kuti mutengo wakananga uve pakati pe$1,500 ne$3,500 uye kunoda maawa mana kusvika matanhatu ekushanda.

Kusiyana neizvi, chiitiko chinokurumidza kukundikana chinokonzera kuvharwa kwechimbichimbi, izvo zvinotakura mari yakawanda. Mukuita kwemakemikari epetrochemical nguva dzose, kudzimwa kwepombi isina kurongwa kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwemari yekugadzira kubva pamadhora zviuru gumi kusvika pamusoro pemadhora zviuru zana paawa. Nekushandisa nzira yekuona nekukurumidza, mainjiniya ekuvimbika anogona kuchinja kubva pakudzimwa kwemoto kuenda kukugadzirisa zvinofanotaurwa, zvichiwedzera kaviri Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) uye kuderedza mari yese yekugadzirisa ne30% kusvika 40%.

Mamiriro Ekuita Anoita Kuti Chisimbiso Chisashande

Zvisimbiso zvemuchina hazviwanzokundikana zviri zvega; kuora kwazvo kunowanzova chiratidzo chemamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka kana kusakwana kwemuchina. Chisimbiso chakagadzirirwa kushanda mukati mechikamu chakati chedzvinyiriro, tembiricha, uye mamiriro emvura. Kana maitiro acho adarika miganhu iyi yakagadzirwa, kuenzana kwakasimba kwefirimu remvura kunokanganiswa, zvichiita kuti iparare nekukurumidza.

Kunzwisisa zvinhu zvinoshungurudza mashandiro emagetsi zvinorwisa zvisimbiso zvemagetsi ndiyo nhanho yekutanga yekuongorora kusakara kwemagetsi nguva isati yakwana. Mainjiniya ekuvimbika anofanirwa kugara achitarisa kugadzikana kwemvura, kuumbwa kwemvura, uye kurongeka kwemagetsi kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yechisimbiso inoramba yakakodzera kushanda kwenguva refu.

Kusagadzikana kwedzvinyiriro, kuoma kwemvura, uye cavitation

Kusagadzikana kwe hydraulic ndicho chinhu chikuru chinokonzera kukuvara kwechiso chechisimbiso. Kana pombi ichishanda iri kure neBest Efficiency Point (BEP), inosangana nemasimba asina kuenzana e radial ne axial anokonzera kutsauka kwe shaft, zvichiita kuti zviso zvechisimbiso zvivhurike nekuvharika nekukurumidza. Kana Net Positive Suction Head (NPSHa) iripo (NPSHar) ikadonha pasi pemuganhu unodiwa (NPSHr), cavitation inoitika. Kuputika kwema vapor bubbles kunokonzera mafungu anopwanya zviso zve carbon kana silicon carbide seal zvisina kusimba.

Kushanda nesimba kunoparadzawo zvakafanana. Kunoitika kana pombi ikarasikirwa neprime, kana kuti mvura inoyerera ikaita mhute pakati pezvisimbiso nekuda kwekushomeka kwemhepo inoyerera. Pasina firimu remvura inoyerera, coefficient yekukweshana inokwira. Kupisa kwechiso kunogona kukwira ne150°C (300°F) mukati memasekonzi makumi matatu kusvika makumi matanhatu ekumhanya nesimba, zvichikonzera kutarisa kupisa—network yemitsetse ye radial iri pazvisimbiso inoshanda sezvishandiso zvekucheka pa ring inopikisana.

Zvinonhuhwirira, zvinosimbisa, kana zvinoparadza mvura

Hunhu hwemuviri uye hwemakemikari hwechinhu chinopombwa hunokanganisa zvikuru hupenyu hwechisimbiso. Matope anoputika ane huwandu hwakasimba hunodarika 10% nehuremu anoda misanganiswa yakasarudzika yemaziso akaomarara, senge silicon carbide versus tungsten carbide, kuti arambe kukwesha. Kana mvura yacho iine zvinhu zvakanyunguduka zvinopenya kana zvasangana nemhepo, makristaro anobuda anogona kuungana mumigero yeO-ring inoshanduka, zvichikonzera kurema kwechisimbiso uye kudzivirira masprings kuti asavhare zviso zvechisimbiso.

Mvura inoparadza inorwisa simbi yezvikamu zvechisimbiso. Kusasarudzwa kwezvinhu zvisirizvo kunogona kukonzera kupwanyika kwegomba kana chloride stress corrosion mu 316 stainless steel bellows kana springs. Uyezve, kusawirirana kwemakemikari ne elastomeric O-rings kunogona kuita kuti zvizvimbe ne20% kusvika 30% yehuwandu hwazvo hwepakutanga, kana kuti, zvitete uye zvinyanye kusviba, zvichiparadza chipingamupinyi chechipiri chechisimbiso.

Matambudziko ekuisa, kugadzirisa, uye mafuta

Kunyangwe yakasimba zvakanyanyachisimbiso chemuchina chichakundikana nguva isati yakwanakana yakaiswa pamidziyo yakakanganisika. Mitemo yeAPI 682 inoti kumhanya kwemugodhi weradial hakufanirwe kudarika 0.002 inches (0.05 mm) Total Indicator Reading (TIR) ​​pachikamu chechisimbiso. Kumhanya kwakanyanya, kunowanzo kukonzerwa nemashaft akakombama kana mabearings akaora, kunomanikidza zvikamu zvechisimbiso kuti zvitenderere zvine simba nekutenderera kwega kwega, zvichikonzera kutadza kuneta kwesimbi kana masprings.

Kuoma kwepombi ndeimwe dambudziko rakavanzika. Kana mapombi ekukweva kana ekuburitsa mvura akawanda akasungirirwa kuma flange epombi pasina rutsigiro rwakakodzera, kumanikidzwa kwemuchina kunokanganisa kaburi repombi. Kukanganiswa uku kunokanganisa kamuri rechisimbiso kana tichienzanisa neshaft inotenderera. Pamusoro pezvo, kunyorovesa kwemabearings epombi kunowedzera kudedera kwemuchina, uko kunotumirwa zvakananga kumeso echisimbiso, zvichikurumidzisa kupera uye kupwanyika.

Zviratidzo Zvinoonekwa zveKuora kweChisimbiso

Nekuti zvisimbiso zvemakanika zvakavharirwa mukati mepombi, vashandi havakwanise kutarisa zviso zvechisimbiso nemaziso panguva yekushanda. Zvisinei, kuora kwezvikamu zvemukati kunounza zviratidzo zvekunze zvakavimbika. Nekugadzira hwaro hwakarurama hwekushanda kwakajairika, zvikwata zvekugadzirisa zvinogona kuona zviratidzo zvidiki zvekusakara kwechisimbiso nguva refu chisati chapwanyika zvachose.

Kutarisa zviratidzo izvi zvinoonekwa kunoda musanganiswa wezvikamu zvemushandisi wenguva dzose, data remasensa otomatiki, uye kunzwisisa kwakajeka kwemiganhu yekushanda inogamuchirwa. Kuchinja kwehuwandu hwekubuda kwemvura, masaini ezwi, uye maitiro ekuwedzera ehurongwa zvinoshanda sezviratidzo zvikuru zvekukundikana kuri kuuya.

Kubuda kwemvura kunopfuura kuchema kwechisimbiso kwakajairika

Ipfungwa isiriyo yakajairika yekuti zvisimbiso zvemakanika zvinoshanda pasina kubuda kwemvura. Kuti mvura inozora irambe isina kuyerera zvakanaka, huwandu hushoma hwemvura hunofanira kuyambuka zvisimbiso. Muchisimbiso chine hutano, mvura iyi inowanzo shanduka kana yasvika kudivi remhepo, zvichikonzera kubuda kwemvura kusingaonekwe (kazhinji pasi pe3 gramu paawa yemahydrocarbons akareruka). Mvura inooneka inodonha kubva mugland yechisimbiso chiratidzo chinobva pairi pakarepo.

Pakuongorora kubuda kwemvura, vashandi vanofanira kuverenga mwero wemvura kuti vaone kuoma kwemvura. Kuchinja kubva pagland rakaoma kuenda pakuchema zvishoma nezvishoma (madonhwe 1 kusvika 5 paminiti) kunoratidza kukuvara kwekutanga kwechiso kana kuora kweO-ring. Kudonhedza mvura nguva dzose kana kuyerera kunoratidza kurasikirwa zvachose kwekusangana kwechiso kana kuti chisimbiso chechipiri chakaputika.

Kudengenyeka, ruzha, kupisa, uye kuchinja kwesimba

Zvikanganiso zvemakanika pazviso zvechisimbiso zvinowanzo shandura masaini epombi acoustic uye vibratory. Ruzha rwekuchema kana "kubuda" runobva mukamuri rechisimbiso runoratidza zvakasimba kuti mvura inobuda kana kuti kuoma kwayo. Sezvo zviso zvechisimbiso zvichikwesha pasina mafuta akakodzera, kuwedzera kwekukweshana kunomanikidza mota yemagetsi kuti ikweve simba rakawanda. Kuwedzera kwe5% kusvika 10% muamperage yemota, pasina shanduko muzvinodiwa zvekuyerera kana musoro, zvinowanzo ratidza kukweshana kwakanyanya kwechisimbiso.

Kuongorora kuzununguka kunopa mufananidzo wakajeka. Kunyange zvazvo kuzununguka kwema frequency akaderera (1X kana 2X kumhanya) kuchiwanzoratidza kusarongeka kana kusarongeka, kukuvara kwechiso chechisimbiso kunokonzera kubuda kweacoustic kwakanyanya. Uyezve, kukweshana kwakanyanya kunounza kupisa. Kana thermographic scans ikaratidza kuti tembiricha yechisimbiso inogara iri pakati pe15°C kusvika 20°C (27°F kusvika 36°F) yakakwira kupfuura pombi yakakomberedza, firimu remvura rinogona kunge richikundikana, uye zviso zvacho zviri mukubatana zvakananga.

Kubvisa tsvina, kudzima, mvura inovhara, uye kuvhara poto zvisina kunaka

Zvezvisimbiso zvemakanika zviviri, masisitimu ekubatsira ekutsvaira, kudzima, kana ekudzivirira (semuenzaniso, API Plans 52, 53A/B/C, kana 54) anoshanda sesisitimu yekutsigira hupenyu uye hwindo rekutanga rekuongorora. Musisitimu yekudzivirira ine pressure yeAPI Plan 53A, mvura inodzivisa inochengetwa papressure ye1.5 kusvika 2.0 bar (22 kusvika 29 PSI) yakakwira kupfuura pressure yekamuri rechisimbiso. Sisitimu ine hutano inogona kurasikirwa nehuwandu hweminiti yemvura inodzivisa mukati memwedzi.

Kana vashandi vachifanira kuzadza chivharo chesimbi kakawanda kupfuura kamwe chete pasvondo, kana kuti kana chivharo chikadonha kupfuura 0.5 bar (7.2 PSI) mumaawa makumi maviri nemana, zvivharo zvesimbi zviri mukati kana kunze kwebhokisi zvinokanganiswa. Kusiyana neizvi, muhurongwa hweAPI Plan 52 husina kumanikidzwa, kuwedzera kamwe kamwe kwehuwandu hwemvura inoyerera muchivharo chesimbi kana kukwira nekukurumidza mugeji yekumanikidza kwesimbi kunoratidza kuti chivharo chesimbi chiri mukati chakundikana, zvichibvumira mvura inoyerera musimba kuti izadze chivharo chesimbi.

Maitiro Ekuona Zviratidzo Zvenyevero

Kana chiratidzo chenyevero chaonekwa, mapoka ekuchengetedza uye ekuvimbika anofanira kuchinja kubva pakuongorora kuenda pakuongorora. Kuongorora nemazvo kunodzivirira kukanganisa kwakajairika kwekutsiva chisimbiso chakakundikana pasina kugadzirisa dambudziko riripo, izvo zvinozopedzisira zvaita kuti zvidzokorore kukundikana.

Kunyatsoongorora chirwere kunoenderana nekubatanidza zviratidzo zvemuviri nedata remaitiro uye zvinyorwa zvekuchengetedza zvakaitika kare. Nekubatanidza data iri muzvikamu zvitatu, mainjiniya vanogona kuona kana chikonzero chacho chiri chemakanika, chekushanda, kana chemakemikari.

Gadzirisa zviratidzo nezvikonzero zvinogona kunge zviri zvepakutanga

Danho rekutanga mukuongorora zviratidzo zvemuviri nderekutarisa zviratidzo zvemuviri zvinoonekwa zvichienderana nenzira dzazvinogona kukundikana nadzo. Kubvisa uku kunonzwisisika kunobvumira mapoka kugadzirira zvinhu zvakakodzera zvekutsiva uye kugadzirisa matambudziko emuchina wekubatsira vasati vabvisa pombi. Semuenzaniso, kana chisimbiso chiri kudonha uye chichisiya guruva dema rakatetepa rakakomberedza gland, chirwere chikuru ndechekuyerera kwakanyanya kweganda rakaomesesa.

Saizvozvowo, kana chisimbiso chikaratidza kubuda kwemvura kwakawanda nguva nenguva uko kunozvigadzirisa kwenguva pfupi, chikonzero chingangove kurema kweO-ring nekuda kwekuneta kana kusimba, kwete kumeso echisimbiso akapwanyika.

Shandisa vibration, thermography, uye data remaitiro ekushanda

Tekinoroji dzepamusoro dzekutarisa mamiriro ezvinhu dzinopa data rehuwandu hunodiwa kusimbisa fungidziro dzekuongorora. Kuvharidzira kwekudengenyeka kwepamusoro-soro, senge tekinoroji yePeakVue, kunogona kusiyanisa mafungu ekumanikidzwa anokonzerwa ne microscopic seal face impacting, zvichiaparadzanisa neruzha rwepombi yekumashure. Izvi zvinobvumira vaongorori kuona kupwanyika kwechiso mavhiki mashoma vasati vabuda mvura yakawanda.

Thermography yeinfrared (IR) inokosha zvakaenzana. Nekutarisa gradient yekupisa mukati megland yechisimbiso uye mapaipi eflush, mainjiniya vanogona kuona kana chirongwa cheAPI flush chiri kushanda. Semuenzaniso, muAPI Plan 11 (discharge bypass to seal), kana tembiricha yeflush line yakafanana nemhepo iri mumhepo pane process fluid, orifice ingangove yakavharwa, zvichiita kuti seal isanyatso tonhorera uye zvichisimbisa chikonzero chekunyanya kupisa.

Ongorora zvinyorwa zvekuongorora nekugadzirisa

Kururama kwekuongorora kunoenderana zvikuru nemamiriro ezvinhu ekare. Mainjiniya ekuvimbika anofanirwa kubvunzurudza Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) kuti vaongorore MTBF uye nzira dzekare dzekukundikana kwechinhu chaicho. Kana pombi ichida achisimbiso chitsva chemakanikamwedzi mitanhatu yega yega, uye mishumo yekuchekwa kwemasero inogara ichitaura nezve "maO-rings akaburitswa," chirwere chinoshanduka kubva padambudziko rekugadzirisa michina kuenda kumamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka (semuenzaniso, kushandisa Viton mukushandiswa kwemhepo inopisa zvakanyanya panzvimbo peKalrez).

Kuongorora data remafambiro emaitiro kubva kumaSCADA kana maDCS system panguva chaiyo iyo zviratidzo zvakatanga kuonekwa kwakakoshawo. Kazhinji, kutadza kwechisimbiso kunogona kuteverwa kumashure kune imwe nzira yekushanda, senge kurasikirwa nekukurumidza kwekusvuta, kuwedzera kwekupisa nekukurumidza, kana nguva iyo pombi yakamiswa ichitenderedza vharuvhu yekuburitsa yakavharwa. Kuziva kusarongeka kwemaitiro aya kunosimbisa kana kutadza kwechisimbiso kwakakonzerwa nekukanganisa kwekushanda kwete kukanganisa kwechikamu.

Nzira Yekusarudza Mapoka Ekugadzirisa

Kana zviratidzo zvekunyevera zvasimbiswa, hutungamiriri hwekugadzirisa hunofanira kuita zvakarongwa. Maitiro ekuita sarudzo anofanira kuenzana nekudiwa kwekukurumidza kuchengetedza kugadzirwa pamwe nenjodzi yekukuvadzwa kwemidziyo nenjodzi huru uye kusatevedzera mitemo yezvakatipoteredza.

Kugadzira nzira yesarudzo yakarongwa kunoita kuti zvirongwa zviitwe nenguva, zvakachengeteka, uye zvine hungwaru. Nzira iyi inoda kuti pave nekuedza nekukurumidza kuderedza dambudziko, kuongorora kugadzirisa kana kugadzirisa hupfumi, uye inoda kuti pave nekuongorora mushure mekukundikana kuti pave nekuvandudza nguva dzose.

Mhinduro yekutanga kana zviratidzo zvekunyevera zvikaonekwa

Mhinduro yekutanga kune chiratidzo chekunyevera nezvechisimbiso chemakanika ndeyekudzora nekusimbiswa. Kana kudonha kwemvura kukapfuura nepakati pekuchema kusingawanzoitiki, vashandi vanofanirwa kuona nekukurumidza kuti masisitimu echisimbiso ari kushanda uye akavharwa zvakanaka. Kudzoreredza tambo yekubvisa mvura yeAPI Plan 11 yakavharika kana kuburitsa mweya wakavharirwa kubva mukamuri rechisimbiso dzimwe nguva kunogona kudzikamisa chisimbiso chakakanganisika uye kunonotsa kutadza kushanda zvachose.

Panguva imwe chete, mashandiro anofanira kuongorora njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza uye dzekuchengetedza. Kana mvura iri kemikari ine njodzi kana kuti inobvira, uye kudonha kwayo kuchidarika miganhu yemutemo wemunharaunda (semuenzaniso, >500 ppm VOC), nzira yekusarudza yakaoma: pombi inofanira kuparadzaniswa uye kuchinjwa kuita imwe standby unit nekukasika. Kana mvura iri isina njodzi (semuenzaniso, mvura inotonhodza) uye kudonha kwayo kuri kudiki, timu inogona kusarudza kuwedzera nguva yekutarisa kusvika kumazuva ese kana kuchinjika-kwakavakirwa panguva yekuisa zvikamu zvekutsiva.

Nguva yekugadzirisa, kugadzirisa, kana kutsiva chisimbiso

Kana pombi yangopera kushanda, timu yekugadzirisa inotarisana nesarudzo yekugadzirisa kana kutsiva.Zvisimbiso zvemakanika zveCartridgedzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Kana chisimbiso chikadhonzwa nekukurumidza—zviso zvisati zvanyatsopinda mugomba kana kuti zvikamu zvesimbi zvisati zvapinzwa mumoto—chisimbiso chinogona kutumirwa kunzvimbo ine certification kuti chigadziriswe. Kugadzirisa kunowanzo sanganisira kuchenesa kwe ultrasonic, kutsiva ma O-rings nema springs e elastomeric, uye kudzoreredza silicon carbide kana carbon faces kune 2-light-band flatness inodiwa.

Muganho wemitengo nerubatsiro rweindasitiri unoti kana mutengo wekugadzirisa chisimbiso uri pasi pe60% yemutengo wekaturiji itsva, kugadzirisa ndiyo sarudzo yakanakisisa yehupfumi. Zvisinei, kana zviratidzo zvekunyevera zvekutanga zvikasateererwa uye chisimbiso chikatambura nenjodzi yekuoma, simbi kana katuriji inogona kukanganiswa kana kukanganiswa. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, mari yekugadzirisa inodarika 60%, uye kutsiva kwakazara kunosungirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti yakavimbika.

Maitiro ekudzivirira kutadza kwechisimbiso kudzokorora

Danho rekupedzisira munzira yekusarudza nderekudzivirira kudzoka kwechinhu chacho. Kutsiva chisimbiso chakakundikana pasina kuita Root Cause Failure Analysis (RCFA) kunovimbisa nguva yekuzorora mune ramangwana. Humbowo hunoonekwa pazviso zvechisimbiso chakakundikana—zvakadai sekutarisa kupisa, kurwiswa kwemakemikari, kana kukwesha ganda—hunofanira kuratidza kuti zvinhu zvichagadziriswa sei.

Kana RCFA ikaratidza kuti tembiricha yakakwira ndiyo yakakonzera kukundikana, timu inofanira kugadzirisa hurongwa hwemvura inoyerera, zvichida kuchinja kubva paPurani 11 kuenda kuPurani 23 yeAPI, iyo inoshandisa ring yekupomba uye heat exchanger kutonhodza mvura iri mukati mekamuri rekuvhara. Kana kusakara kwakanyanya kuri iko kunokonzera, kuvandudza simbi yekumeso kana kuisa cyclone separator (API Purani 31) kubvisa zvinhu zvakasimba kubva mumvura inoyerera zvichachinja zvachose curve yekukundikana, zvichishandura data rekutanga renyevero kuita kuvimbika kwenguva refu kwemuchina.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvaunofanira Kuziva

• Tevedzera kubuda kwemvura, kudedera, tembiricha, kumanikidzwa, uye simba rinodhonzwa zvichienderana nehukuru hwaro hunozivikanwa kuitira kuti shanduko diki dzechisimbiso dzionekwe usati wakundikana.
• Ongorora zvisimbiso zvemakanika nekukasika kana mvura yabuda kubva pakudonha kwemvura kuenda pakudonha, kupfapfaidza, masara e crystallized, kana kuungana kwemvura inooneka.
• Dzivirira kuvimbika kwemabheyaringi nekugadzirisa kubuda kwechisimbiso nekukurumidza, sezvo kunyangwe kusvibiswa kwakaderera kwemvura mumafuta ekuzora kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya hupenyu hwemabheyaringi.
• Simbisai kuiswa, kurongeka, kukwesha, uye kuenderana kwezvinhu pese panotsiviwa chisimbiso kudzivirira kutadza kudzokorora kubva pachikonzero chimwe chete.
• Shandisa dhizaini chaiyo yechisimbiso—senge chitubu chimwe chete, elastomer bellow, cartridge, kana chisimbiso chekaviri—zvichienderana nebasa repombi, hunhu hwemvura, kumanikidzwa, uye nzvimbo yekushanda.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekukundikana kwechisimbiso chemuchina mupombi?

Zviratidzo zvepakutanga zvinowanzoonekwa zvinosanganisira kubuda kwemvura kunooneka, tembiricha yekamuri yechisimbiso iri kukwira, kudedera kusingawanzoitiki, ruzha rusina kujairika, kusagadzikana kwekumanikidzwa, kudhonzwa kwesimba kwakawedzera, uye kusvibiswa kwemafuta ekutakura. Chero shanduko inodzokororwa kubva pakutanga kwepombi inofanira kuongororwa pamberi pechisimbiso kana zvisimbiso zvechipiri zvisati zvakuvadzwa.

Kubuda kwemvura kwakajairika kubva muchisimbiso chemuchina kwakadii?

Chisimbiso chemuchina chinoenderana nefirimu rinonyorovesa risingaonekwe zvakanaka, saka kudonha kwemvura kudiki kana kuti kudonha kwemvura kunogona kuva kwakajairika. Zvisinei, kudonha kwemvura, kupfapfaidza, kudonha kwemvura, kana kuwedzera kamwe kamwe kwekudonha kwemvura kunoratidza kuti chisimbiso hachichashandi zvakanaka sezvachakanga chakagadzirirwa.

Sei zvisimbiso zvemakanika zvichikundikana kazhinji mumapombi eindasitiri?

Zvisimbiso zvemakanika zvinoshanda panosangana kutenderera, kumanikidzwa, kupisa, uye makemikari emvura. Kusarongeka zvakanaka, kushanda kwakaoma, kudedera, kusaiswa zvakanaka, zvinhu zvisina kunaka zvechisimbiso, kana kuchinja kwemaitiro zvinogona kukanganisa firimu remvura rakatetepa uye kukuvadza zviso zvechisimbiso, zvichiita kuti zvisimbiso zvive chinhu chekugadzirisa pombi nguva dzose.

Kudengenyeka kunogona kunyevera nezvematambudziko echisimbiso chemakanika here?

Ehe. Kuwedzera kwekuzunguzika kunogona kuratidza kutsauka kwemugodhi, kupera kwemabheyaringi, kuvharika kwemusuwo, kusarongeka zvakanaka, kana kusagadzikana kwechiso chechisimbiso. Nekuti mamiriro aya anogona kukurumidza kukuvadza zviso zvechisimbiso zvinotenderera uye zvisingachinji, maitiro ekuzunguzika anofanira kuongororwa zvichienderana nedata remazuva ese rekushanda kwepombi.

Chii chinoitika kana chisimbiso chemuchina chinodonhedza mvura chikasateererwa?

Kudonha kudiki kunogona kuwedzera kusvika pakupisa zvakanyanya, kuomarara kwe elastomer, kusvibiswa kwemafuta, kukuvara kwemugodhi, uye kurasikirwa nekuchengetedza maitiro. Mumabasa ane njodzi, kusateerera kudonha kunogonawo kukonzera njodzi dzekuchengetedza, zvakatipoteredza, uye dzemitemo.