Zvisimbiso zveMetal Bellows Mechanical Zvinodzivirira Sei Kubuda Kwemvura uye Zvinoita Sei Kuti Kusabuda Kwemhepo?

Nhanganyaya

Kudzivirira kudonha kwemvura mumidziyo inotenderera hakungotsamiri pazvinhu zvechisimbiso chete, asiwo pakugadzirwa kwechisimbiso. Zvisimbiso zvesimbi zvinogadzirisa imwe yenzvimbo dzinonyanya kukundikana muzvisimbiso zvechinyakare nekutsiva ma dynamic elastomers nesimbi inochinjika inochengetedza kutakurika kwemvura pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive zvakakosha zvikuru mumabasa anodziya zvakanyanya, anoparadza, uye anodzivirira kusvibiswa kwemhepo uko kunyangwe kudonha kudiki kunogona kukanganisa kuchengetedzeka, kutevedzera mitemo, uye nguva yekushanda. Kunzwisisa mashandiro anoita zvisimbiso izvi kunobatsira kutsanangura kuti nei zvichiwanzosarudzwa kuti zvisaburitswe, uye kuti zvipi zvakanakira kupfuura kurongeka kwechisimbiso chepusher munzvimbo chaiyo yekushanda.

Sei Zvisimbiso zveMetal Bellows Zvichikosha Pakudzivirira Kubuda Kwemvura?

Mumazuva anomasisitimu ekubata mvura, kusaburitsa mweya unobuda uye kuwedzera kuvimbika kwemidziyo ndizvo zvinangwa zvikuru kune vanoshanda mumafekitori. Zvisimbiso zvesimbi zvemakanika zvakabuda se tekinoroji yekupedzisira yekuvharira mashandisirwo anodziya zvakanyanya, anoparadza zvakanyanya, uye anonyanya kukanganiswa nezvakatipoteredza. Kusiyana nezvisimbiso zvechinyakare zvekusundira, izvo zvinoshandisa dynamic secondary elastomer kuti zvigamuchire kupfeka kwechiso uye kufamba kweshaft, simbi dzinoshandisa simbi inochinjika uye inochinjika. Kuchinja uku kwekuvaka kunobvisa kushaya simba kukuru kwezvisimbiso zvakajairwa: dynamic O-ring.

Nekubvisa elastomer inotsvedza,zvisimbiso zvesimbi zvemagetsikudzivirira kupwanyika kwemugodhi uye kubvisa kuora kwe elastomer kunokonzerwa nekupisa kwakanyanya. Kubatsira uku kwechimiro kunobvumira nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa zvinhu kuti dzipfuure miganhu yekushanda uku dzichitevedzera mitemo yakaoma yezvakatipoteredza, zvichishandura chikamu chemuchina kuita chinhu chakakosha chekutevedzera mitemo uye kuenderera mberi kwekushanda.

Basa mukutonga uye kuvimbika kweutsi hunoburitsa mweya

Kuedza kusaburitsa mweya mukugadzirwa kwemahydrocarbon nemakemikari kwakanyatsorongwa nemasangano ezvakatipoteredza pasi rose. Pasi pehurongwa hwakadai seUnited States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 21, nzvimbo dzinorangwa zvakasimba nekuda kwekubuda kwemhepo inoputika (VOC) inodarika mwero wezvinhu zvakaderera kusvika pa500 parts per million (ppm). Munzvimbo dzisina kugadzirwa zvakanyanya, nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza hunhu hwemhepo dzinogona kusimbisa miganhu inosvika 100 ppm.

Zvisimbiso zvesimbi zvine simbi zvine basa guru mukuchengetedza kutevedzera mitemo iyi yakaoma. Nekuti muromo we bellow wakavharwa zvakanaka kuburikidza ne welding chaiyo, hapana nzira yechipiri inobuda simba. Iyi gadziriro ye static secondary sealing inoita kuti emissions dzinobuda dzirambe dziri pasi pemitemo, zvichivandudza zvakanyanya kuvimbika kwese uye nguva iri pakati pekukundikana (MTBF) kwemidziyo inotenderera.

Kwavanoita kuti vape kukosha kunoyerwa

Kukosha kwesimbi inopenya inoonekwa zvakajeka mukushandiswa kwayo uko ma elastomer echinyakare anokundikana. Mumabasa ekuchenedza, kunyanya mukugadzirisa pasi pebharero, kupisa kunotamisa mvura, uye kugadzirwa kweasphalt, tembiricha yekupomba inowanzopfuura 200°C (392°F) uye inogona kusvika pamusoro pe400°C (752°F). Panyaya idzi, kunyange ma perfluoroelastomer epamusoro anorasikirwa nekuvimbika kwawo kwemuchina.

Uyezve, mukushandiswa kunowanzo shandiswa pakubikisa kana kuita crystallization, kusavapo kweO-ring inotsvedza kunodzivirira chisimbiso kuti chisa "rembera" pamugodhi. Kana mvura inoyerera ikaoma kana yaonekwa mumhepo, O-ring inoshanduka yechisimbiso inodzvanywa, zvichikonzera kuparadzaniswa kwechiso nekukasika uye kubuda kwemvura kwakaipa. Chisimbiso chechipiri chedhizaini yesimbi inodarika nzira iyi yekukundikana zvachose, ichiwedzera nguva yekushanda kwepombi nezviuru zvemaawa ekushanda uye ichipa kudzoka nekukurumidza pamari inoiswa kunyangwe mutengo wekutenga wakakwira pakutanga.

Mashandisirwo Anoitwa Zvisimbiso zveMechanical Bellows zveMechanical Bellows

Nzira huru inoshandiswa nesimbi dzinodzivirira kubuda kwemvura dzinobva pakukwanisa kwadzo kuchengetedza kutaridzika kwakanaka uye kwakafanana kwezviso pasi pemamiriro akasiyana-siyana esimba. Chigadziko ichi chinoshanda panguva imwe chete sechitubu, chinhu chinosimbisa simba, uye chinotumira torque. Dhizaini iyi inoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana inoita kuti dhizaini yechisimbiso ive nyore uye inobvisa kukweshana kwemukati kunowanzo kukanganisa kuteverwa kwechiso muzvisimbiso zvakajairwa.

Zvimiro zvekugadzira zvinoderedza kubuda kwemvura

Chinhu chikuru chetekinoroji iyi ikepisi rebellows rakasungirirwa pamucheto. Chikamu ichi chakagadzirwa kubva muzvidimbu zvesimbi zvakatemwa nemazvo, kana kuti "mashizha," anowanzova neukobvu hwe 0.10 kusvika 0.15 mm. Mashizha aya akasungirirwa ne micro-plasma kana laser padhayamita yawo yemukati neyekunze kuti agadzire convolution inochinjika.

Dhizaini iyi yakasungirirwa pamucheto inopa mwero wakafanana wechitubu, ichivimbisa kuti zviso zvechisimbiso chekutanga zvinoramba zvakafanana uye zvichigara zvichibatana, kunyangwe kanamugodhi wepombiinosangana nekutsauka kudiki kweradial kana kutamba kweaxial. Kubviswa kwemasprings neO-rings dzinoshanda zvinobvisa mechanical hysteresis, zvichireva kuti chiso chechisimbiso chinogona kupindura ipapo ipapo kukudengenyeka kweshaft pasina kukweshana kunokonzera kubuda kwemvura muzvisimbiso zvemazuva ose.

Maitiro ekushanda anokanganisa sei kuvharwa kwechinhu

Mamiriro ekushanda, kunyanya kumanikidzwa uye tembiricha, ndiwo anonyanya kutsanangura miganhu yekushanda kwebellows. Bellows dzesimbi dzakajairwa dzine ply imwe chete dzinowanzo ongororwa pakumanikidzwa kwemaitiro kusvika ku20 kusvika 25 bar (290 kusvika 360 psi). Kune mapombi ane pressure yakakwira kana boiler feed applications, bellows dzakaiswa laminated kana multi-ply dzinogona kugadzirwa kuti dzikwanise kutsungirira kumanikidzwa kunodarika 60 bar (870 psi) pasina kusungwa.

Kuchinja-chinja kwetembiricha kunokanganisawo simbi iri pakati pebellows. Sezvo tembiricha ichikwira, modulus yekusimba kwesimbi inoderera, zvichichinja zvishoma mutoro wepachiso. Mapoka einjiniya anogadzirisa izvi nekusarudza ma alloys ane nickel uye kuverenga zvakanyatsonaka seti yekumanikidzwa, zvichiita kuti chisimbiso chirambe chine simba rakakwana rekuvhara kungave kuri kushanda patembiricha ye -75°C kana kupisa kwakanyanya kusvika 425°C.

Maitiro akajairika ekukundikana ane chekuita nekubuda kwemvura

Kunyange zvazvo yakasimba zvikuru, zvisimbiso zvesimbi zvinosunga simbi hazvikuvadzi kana zvikashandiswa zvisizvo. Kuneta kwe torsional inzira yekutanga yekukundikana; kana viscosity yemvura yakakwira zvakanyanya kana pombi ikashanda yakaoma, kukweshana pazviso zvechisimbiso kunogona kugadzira torque inodarika simba rekucheka kwe bellows welds, zvichiita kuti convolutions dzibvaruke.

Imwe nzira yekukundikana kwekubuda kwemvura ndeyekupwanya chloride stress corrosion (CSCC). Kana kushandiswa kwesimbi zvisina kukodzera, senge simbi isingatsvedzeri ye300-series, munzvimbo ine saline yakawanda kana chloride yakawanda, kuputika kudiki kunopararira kuburikidza nemashizha matete. Pakupedzisira, kukanganiswa kwekupisa kwezvisimbiso nekuda kwekutonhora kusina kukwana kana kusukwa kunogona kukanganisa nzvimbo dzakatenderedzwa, zvichigadzira mukana mudiki unobvumira mvura yemuchina kubuda.

Mheto dzesimbi vs Zvisimbiso zvePusher

Kusarudza dhizaini chaiyo yechisimbiso chemuchina kunoda ongororo yakasimba yekuenzanisa pakati pesimbi dzinoputika nesimbi dzinoputika dzechinyakare. Kunyange hazvo zvisimbiso zvinoputika zvichinyanya kushandiswa mumvura nemagetsi nekuda kwemutengo wakaderera, simbi dzinoputika ndiyo mhinduro yakagadzirwa yemamiriro ezvinhu anoda simba apo miganhu ye elastomer inova mutoro wekushanda.

Kusiyana kukuru mukushanda uye miganhu

Musiyano mukuru pakati pematekinoroji maviri aya uri muchikamu chechipiri chekuvhara. Zvisimbiso zvePusher zvinoshandisa O-ring kana V-ring inoshanduka inofanira kutsvedza ichitevedza shaft kana sleeve kuti itsigire kupfeka kwechiso. Kutsvedza uku kunokonzera shaft fretting—chinhu chinoparadza kupfeka—uye chinogona kuvharika zvakanyanya kana mvura ikaita crystallize. Zvisimbiso zvesimbi zvinoshandisa static secondary seals (kazhinji graphite packing kana static O-rings), zvichibvisa fretting zvachose.

Sezvakatsanangurwa mukuenzanisa, ma pusher seal anongogumira zvakanyanya nekuda kwezvikamu zvawo zve elastomeric. Kunyangwe ma perfluoroelastomer epamusoro-soro anodonha nekukurumidza pamusoro pe315°C (600°F), nepo mabhero akasungirirwa emucheto akagadzirwa ne alloys anoshanda zvakanyanya anogona kushanda zvakanaka kupfuura 400°C.

Nguva yekusarudza zvisimbiso zvegasi rimwe chete, zviviri, katuriji, kana zvakaoma

Magadzirirwo esimbi inosunga maburi inofanira kugadziriswa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwengozi yemvura inobuda. Maburi maburi maburi maburi anotsanangurwa kune mvura dzisina njodzi, dzinopisa zvakanyanya dzakadai semafuta anodziya, uko kudonha kudiki kwemhepo kusingakonzere njodzi yezvakatipoteredza kana kuchengetedzeka.

Kune maVOC ane chepfu, anobvira moto, kana kuti anodzorwa zvakasimba, magadzirirwo maviri ezvisimbiso anofanirwa kuitwa. Chisimbiso chine mbiri chisina kumanikidzwa (API Plan 52) chinopa nzira yekuchengetedza yekuchengetedza uye chinobata kuburitswa kwemhepo, nepo chisimbiso chine mbiri (API Plan 53A/B/C) chinovimbisa zero kuburitswa kwemhepo nekuchengetedza mvura inovharira iri pakumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kupfuura mvura inobuda.Magadzirirwo eCartridgeZvinonyanya kufarirwa pamhando dzese idzi, sezvo zvichigadzira kudzvanywa kwebellows kufekitori, zvichibvisa zvikanganiso zvekuisa pasi pechitoro. Zvisimbiso zvegasi zvakaoma zvine bellows zvinoshandiswawo mukushandiswa kwakasarudzika kwechikamu chemhepo apo mvura inovhara mvura isingagamuchirwi.

Tsanangudzo, Kuisa, uye Kutevedzera

Kunyatsotsanangurwa kwakakodzera, kuiswa kwakanyatsonaka, uye kutevedzera mitemo yepasi rose zvakakosha kuti zvivhariso zvesimbi zvesimbi zvisaburitse mweya zvachose. Chivharo chinoshanda zvakanaka chichakundikana nguva isati yakwana kana zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza nemapaipi zvisina kugadzirwa kuti zvitsigire hurongwa hwazvo hwekushanda.

Ruzivo rwakakosha rwekushandisa kuti utsanangure

Pakusarudza chisimbiso chesimbi chinosunga masimbi, mainjiniya anofanirwa kuongorora data rakakosha kupfuura kudzvanywa chete netembiricha. Kusviba kwemvura ndiko kunonyanya kukosha; simbi dzinosunga masimbi dzinowanzo ongororwa kuti dzine mvura inosvika 3,000 cSt. Kupfuura kusviba uku pasina kupisa kwakakodzera kunogona kukonzera torsional shear yakawandisa, zvichipwanya ma welds ebellows panguva yekutanga kwepombi.

Muganho wekumanikidzwa kwemvura unofanirawo kuverengerwa kudzivirira kupenya pazviso zvechisimbiso. Kana mvura ikapwanyika pakati pezviso zvekutanga, inokonzera kuoma kwemvura, kupisa kukuru, uye kukuvara kwechiso pakarepo. Pamusoro pezvo, simba rekukweva uye kuvapo kwechinhu chakasungirirwa zvinoreva kana dhizaini yemhepo inotenderera kana yakamira ichidikanwa, sezvo mhepo inotenderera inogona kuzvichenesa pachayo nesimba re centrifugal asi inogumira pakumhanya kwakaderera.

Maitiro akanakisa ekuisa nekuchenesa

Kubudirira kwekuisa kunoenderana zvikuru nekushandiswa kwemapurani akakodzera eAPI 682 flush. Pamashandisirwo ekubikisa anodziya zvakanyanya—nzira huru yekushandisa simbi dzinopinza—API Plan 62 inowanzo shandiswa. Iyi purani inoisa steam quench ine simba shoma kudivi remhepo rechisimbiso, ichidzivirira oxidation uye kuoma kwe process fluids inonyura pamusoro pemeso.

Pakushandisa magadzirirwo maviri ane pressure (Plan 53A kana 53B), system ye barrier fluid inofanira kuchengetedzwa zvakanaka. Nzira dzakanakisisa dzinoti barrier fluid pressure inofanira kuramba iri pa differential iri pakati pe 1.5 ne 2.0 bar (22 kusvika 29 psi) pamusoro pe maximum stuffing box pressure. Kukundikana kuchengetedza differential iyi kuchaita kuti process fluid idzokere mu barrier system, zvichisvibisa seal uye zvichikanganisa zero-emissions mandate.

Zvinodiwa zveAPI, ISO, uye emissions zvinodiwa

Kutevedzera mitemo yeinjiniya yepasi rose kunoita kuti zvisimbiso zvesimbi zvisvike padanho rekuvimbika. American Petroleum Institute (API) Standard 682 (Chinyorwa chechina) neISO 21049 zvinopa hurongwa hwakajeka hwekufanirwa kwechisimbiso. Pasi peAPI 682, zvisimbiso zvesimbi zvinowira zvakanyanya mumhando yeB (zvisimbiso zvinotenderera) uye Type C (zvisimbiso zvisingachinji).

Pamapombi eChikamu 2 ne3 anoshanda mumasevhisi ekuchenesa akakosha, mabhero emhando C anowanzo fanirwa kubata kumhanya kwakanyanya kweshaft uye kusarongeka kwakanyanya. Kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zveAPI izvi kunovimbisa kuti chisimbiso chakaongororwa zvakaenzana, zvichiita kuti chive nechokwadi chekuti chinotevedzera zvinodiwa zvakasimba zvekuburitsa utsi, zvakaita sekuchengetedza kudonha kweVOC pasi pe500 ppm mukati menguva yekushanda isina kukanganiswa yeinenge maawa 25,000.

Maitiro Ekuongorora uye Kusarudza Chisimbiso Chakakodzera

Kuongorora nekusarudza chisimbiso chesimbi chakakodzera chinosunga simbi kunoda kuyera miganhu yethermodynamic, kuenderana kwemakemikari, uye mari yese yehupenyu. Mapoka einjiniya ekuvimbika anofanira kupfuura mitengo yekutanga yekutenga kuti vaongorore kuti sarudzo chaiyo yesimbi uye magadzirirwo echisimbiso zvichakanganisa sei kushanda kwemidziyo kwenguva refu.

Maitiro ekusarudza evashandisi vekupedzisira

Kune vashandisi vekupedzisira, kusarudza simbi dzinoshandisa simba ndiyo sarudzo yakakosha, sezvo ichitungamira kuramba ngura uye nguva yekuneta kwemuchina. Simbi dzemazuva ano hadziwanzo kukwana kushandiswa muindasitiri.

Sezvakaratidzwa mu metallurgical selection matrix, Inconel 718 ndiyo chiyero cheindasitiri chekushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzekuchenesa dzinopisa zvakanyanya, ichipa simba rakanaka rekuneta. Hastelloy C-276 inotsanangurwa kana maitiro acho aine huwandu hwakawanda hwe chloride kana hydrogen sulfide, izvo zvinokurumidza kukonzera kuputika kwe stress corrosion mu lesser alloys.

Gwaro rekupedzisira rezvikwata zvekugadzirisa nekuvimbika

Mapoka ekugadzirisa uye kuvimbikainofanira kuongorora kusarudzwa kwechisimbiso kuburikidza nemaonero eTotal Cost of Ownership (TCO). Kunyange zvazvo chisimbiso chesimbi chakagadzirwa zvizere, chine chimiro che cartridge chine mutengo wepamusoro we20% kusvika 30% kupfuura chisimbiso che pusher chakafanana, kubviswa kwekutsiviwa kwe shaft sleeve uye kuderedzwa kwenguva yekusashanda kwakarongwa zvinokurumidza kuderedza mari iyi yekutanga.

Nhungamiro yekupedzisira yezvirongwa zvekuvimbika inosanganisira kuisa zviratidzo zvakakosha zvekushanda (KPIs) zvemidziyo inotenderera.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvaunofanira Kuziva

• Mhedziso dzakakosha uye chikonzero cheMetal Bellows Mechanical Seals
• Magadzirirwo, kutevedzera mitemo, uye kuongororwa kwenjodzi zvinofanirwa kuongororwa usati waita chibvumirano
• Matanho anotevera anoshanda uye mazano anogona kushandiswa nevaverengi ipapo ipapo

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Sei zvisimbiso zvesimbi zvinodonhedza mvura zvishoma pane zvisimbiso zvinosundidzira mvura?

Vanobvisa O-ring inoshanduka, nzira inowanzo shandiswa pakudonhedza mvura. Mheto dzesimbi dzakasungirirwa dzinopa kutaridzika kwakafanana uye chisimbiso chechipiri chisingachinji, zvichideredza kutsvedza, kurembera, uye kubuda kwemhepo.

Ndirini pandinofanira kusarudza chisimbiso chesimbi chine muromo wesimbi?

Sarudza iyo kana iine tembiricha yepamusoro, inoparadza, inokoka, kana kuti inosimbisa makristaro apo ma elastomer anokundikana. Inonyanya kubatsira mukushandiswa kwemakemikari, mafuta negasi, simba, uye pombi dzemvura.

Zvisimbiso zvesimbi zvinosunga simbi zvinogona kutsigira zvinangwa zve zero-emission here?

Ehe. Maburi avo akasungirirwa mumhepo uye chisimbiso chechipiri chisingachinjiki zvinobatsira kuchengetedza kubuda kweVOC kwakaderera zvakanyanya, zvichitsigira zvinangwa zvakaoma zvekubuda kwemhepo mumiti uye zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza zvinotarisa kutevedzera mitemo.

Ndeipi miganho yekushandisa iyo vatengi vanofanira kutarisa vasati vasarudza imwe?

Tarisa tembiricha yekushanda, kumanikidzwa, kukora kwemidziyo, kufamba kwemugodhi, uye modhi yepombi. Magadzirirwo akajairwa anowanzo kukodzera kumanikidzwa kuri pakati nepakati, nepo mabhero ane maply akawanda achishandiswa pamabasa ekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya.

Ko Victor Seals inopa zvisimbiso zvesimbi zvinopindirana neOEM zvemapombi emumaindasitiri here?

Ehe. Victor Seals inogadzira zvisimbiso zvesimbi zvinoshandisa simbi uye zvinotsiva zvinoenderana neOEM zvekugadzirisa pombi, kusanganisira mhando dzakadai seGrundfos, IMO, Alfa Laval, naAllweiler.