Ndeipi Pump Shaft Seal Yakanakisisa Yekushandisa Kwenguva Refu?

Nhanganyaya

Kuti michina inotarisirwa kushanda nguva dzose, chisimbiso chemuchina wepombi chinowanzova chinhu chinosarudza pakati pebasa rakagadzikana uye kuvharwa kwakawanda. Sarudzo yakanakisa haisi yepasi rose: zvinoenderana nehunyanzvi hwemvura, kumanikidzwa, tembiricha, kumhanya kwemuchina, mukana wekugadzirisa, uye kuti nzira yekubuda kana kutadza kushanda inogona kushivirira zvakadii. Chinyorwa chino chinotsanangura kuti sarudzo dzechisimbiso dzakajairika dzinoenzaniswa sei mumashandisirwo anoitwa kwenguva refu, apo chimwe nechimwe chinoshanda zvakanaka, uye kuti ndezvipi zvinochinja-chinja zvinonyanya kukosha pakuvimbika, kuchengetedzeka, uye mutengo wekushanda. Pakupedzisira, vaverengi vachave nehurongwa hunoshanda hwekusarudza chisimbiso chinotsigira nguva refu yebasa uye kukundikana kushoma kunodhura.

Nei Kusarudzwa kweChisimbiso chePomp Shaft Kuchikosha

Mukubata mvura yemumaindasitiri, kuvimbika kwemidziyo inoshanda kwenguva refu kunoenderana zvakananga nekusimba kwechisimbiso chemugodhi wepombi. Sechipingamupinyi chikuru pakati pemidziyo inopombwa mukati nenzvimbo yekunze, chisimbiso chinotonga hupenyu hwese hwesystem yekupomba. Kune mashandisirwo anoitwa nguva dzose—akadai sekutakura mapaipi, kugadzira mahydrocarbon, uye kugoverwa kwemvura yemuguta—chisimbiso chakakanganiswa chinoshandura kukanganiswa kwemaitiro, njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza, uye zvirango zvemari zvakakomba. Kusarudza tekinoroji yekuvharira yakakodzera hakusi kungofunga nezvekugadzirisa chete, asi chinodiwa cheinjiniya chekushanda kwefekitori kwenguva refu.

Nguva yekushandisa, njodzi yekudonha kwemvura, uye mutengo wese

Kubatana kwakananga pakati pekusimba kwechisimbiso nenguva yekushanda kwemidziyo hakugone kupfuudzwa zvakanyanya. Mumaindasitiri ekushanda nguva dzose, chinangwa cheMean Time Between Failures (MTBF) chemapombi e centrifugal chinowanzo pfuura mwedzi 36 kusvika 48.zvisimbiso zvemakanikaIzvi ndizvo zvinokonzera kutadza kushanda kwepombi ye centrifugal inosvika 70%, kugadzirisa chikamu chimwe chete ichi ndiyo nzira inoshanda zvikuru yekuwedzera MTBF. Nguva yekusashanda isina kurongwa munzvimbo dzakakosha dze petrochemical kana kugadzira magetsi inogona kukonzera mari inodarika $100,000 pazuva, zvichiita kuti mari yekutanga yekushandisa pakugadzirisa zvisimbiso zvine simba ive nemusoro.

Kunze kwekunge nguva yapera, njodzi yekudonha kwemvura inokonzera kutevedzera mitemo uye kuchengetedzeka kwakanyanya. Mitemo yemazuva ano yevapoteri inorayira miganhu yakasimba pamakemikari anoshanduka kuita organic (VOCs). Kusarudzwa kwechisimbiso chisina kunaka kunogona kutungamira mukubuda kwemvura kunoramba kuripo kunopesana nemiganhu yezvakatipoteredza, zvichikonzera faindi dzakakura uye kuongororwa kwemiti. Nokudaro, kuongorora huwandu hwemari yekuva muridzi (TCO) kunoda kutariswa mukutsiva nguva nenguva, basa rekugadzirisa, kurasikirwa kwemvura, uye zvirango zvinogona kupihwa, pane kungotarisa chete pamutengo wekutenga.

Kushanda kwechokwadi mumidziyo inoshanda kwenguva refu

Midziyo inoshanda kwenguva refu inoshanda pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu anochinja-chinja uye anowanzova akaomarara ayo anoedza miganhu yetekinoroji yekuvhara. Kushanda nguva dzose kunoita kuti chisimbiso chitariswe nekumanikidzwa kwekupisa kwenguva refu, zvichida nzira dzakanaka dzekuparadza kupisa kudzivirira kupwa kwemvura uye mamiriro ekunze akaoma. Uyezve, kudedera kwemuchina, kutenderera kwemvura, uye kumanikidzwa kwemhepo zvinoda kusimba kwakanyanya kubva pakuungana kwechisimbiso.

Kutsauka kwemugodhi chinhu chakakosha pakushanda kweseal chinokanganisa hupenyu hweseal. Mitemo yeindasitiri, yakaita seAPI 610, inoti kutsauka kwemugodhi pachiso chekutanga cheseal hakufanirwe kudarika 0.05 mm (0.002 inches) pasi pemitoro yakanyanya yesimba. Kupfuura muganho uyu kunokanganisa firimu remvura yehydrodynamic microscopic iri pakati pezviso zveseal, zvichikonzera kusangana kwakananga kubva kune yakasimba kusvika kune yakasimba, kukurumidza kupera, uye kutadza kukuru. Sarudzo yakasimba yechisimbiso inofanira kutsanangura kutsauka uku kwemuchina kuripo muma 24/7 anoenderera mberi ebasa.

Nheyo dzeChisimbiso chePump Shaft uye Mhando Dzakakosha

Kunzwisisa mashandiro akakosha uye magadzirirwo aripo ezvisimbiso zvepombi ndiyo nhanho yekutanga mukusarudza mhinduro chaiyo. Indasitiri iyi yashanduka zvakanyanya kubva pakuisa zvisimbiso zvechinyakare kusvika kuzvisimbiso zvemakanika zvakagadzirwa nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro-soro zvakagadzirirwa kushanda pasina kuburitsa mweya. Mhinduro dzemazuva ano dzekuisa zvisimbiso dzinosanganisa simbi yepamusoro, mafaces akanyatsogadzirwa, uye ma elastomers akagadziriswa kuti agadzirise kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, tembiricha, uye ngura.

Kurongedza, zvisimbiso zvemakanika imwe chete, zvemakanika maviri, uye zvemakanika

Kurongedza kwekumanikidza kuchiri kushandiswa pakuisa mvura inotsvedza zvakanyanya kana kuti mvura isinganyanyi kuoma, asi inoda kudonhedza mvura kwakaringana—kazhinji madonhwe makumi mana kusvika makumi matanhatu paminiti—kuti iite mafuta nekutonhodza mubato. Kusiyana neizvi, zvisimbiso zvemakanika zvinoita kuti pasabude mvura. Zvisimbiso zvemakanika chimwe chete zvinoshandisa seti imwe yezviso zvakagadzirwa nemazvo (chimwe chinotenderera, chimwe chisina kutenderera) zvakazorwa nemvura inopombwa. Zvisimbiso zvemakanika zviviri (zviviri) zvinoshandisa seti mbiri dzezviso nemvura inovharira, zvichidzivirira zvachose chepfu kana kuti inoputika zvakanyanya.Zvisimbiso zvekaturijibatanidza zviso, maspring, uye ma elastomer muchikamu chimwe chete chakaunganidzwa kare, zvichibvisa kudiwa kwekuyera nemaoko uye zvichideredza zvakanyanya zvikanganiso zvekuisa.

Zvishongedzo zvechiso, elastomers, uye simbi

Kugara kwenguva refu kwechisimbiso chemuchina kunoenderana zvakanyanya nezvinhu zvakasarudzwa zvechisimbiso chekutanga. Misanganiswa yakajairika inosanganisira Carbon Graphite inomhanya neSilicon Carbide (SiC) kana Tungsten Carbide (WC). SiC inopa conductivity yakanaka yekupisa uye kuomarara kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kushanda nguva dzose, nepo Carbon ichipa hunhu hwakanaka hwekuzvizora panguva yekushanda kwenguva pfupi. Kune nzvimbo dzinokwesha zvakanyanya, musanganiswa wechiso chakaoma (SiC vs. SiC) unodiwa kudzivirira mavanga.

Zvinhu zvechipiri zvekuvhara, kunyanya maO-rings elastomeric, zvinofanirwa kunge zvinoenderana nemakemikari nemidziyo inopombwa uye zvichikwanisa kutsungirira tembiricha yekushanda. Standard Nitrile (NBR) kana EPDM elastomers dzakakodzera kushandiswa mumvura iri munzvimbo dzakatenderedza, asi dzinopisa.kugadziriswa kwemakemikariinoda Fluoroelastomers (FKM) kana Perfluoroelastomers (FFKM). Makemikoro epamusoro eFFKM anogona kuchengetedza kusimba uye kuramba kwemakemikari pakupisa kunogara kuchishanda kusvika ku320°C (608°F), zvichiita kuti chisimbiso chirambe chichienderana nekushanda kwemakore akawanda.

Maitiro Ekuenzanisa Sarudzo dzeChisimbiso

Kuenzanisa sarudzo dzechisimbiso kunoda ongororo yakasimba yeinjiniya yematanho ekushanda kwechirongwa. Mainjiniya anofanirwa kuongorora matekinoroji anokwikwidzana zvichibva pamiganhu yethermodynamic, kushivirira kwemuchina, uye simba rose rehurongwa hwechisimbiso. Kuenzanisa kwakazara kunoita kuti chisimbiso chakasarudzwa chisangorarama chete muchirongwa asi chishande nemazvo pasina kuda kupindira kwakanyanya kwekugadzirisa.

Zvinodiwa zvikuru zvekusarudza tekinoroji

Chiyero chikuru chehunyanzvi chekuenzanisa zvisimbiso zvemakanika ndicho muganho wePressure-Velocity (PV). Kukosha kwePV kunomiririra mhedzisiro yekudonha kwedzvinyiriro pachiso chechisimbiso uye kumhanya kwekutsvedza kwechiso chinotenderera. Zvisimbiso zvemakanika zvisina kuenzana zvinowanzo ganhurira paPV kukosha kweinenge 1.8 MPa·m/s. Pakushandisa simba rakawanda, zvisimbiso zvemakanika zvakaenzana zvinodiwa. Kuenzanisa kunoderedza simba rekuvhara rehydraulic pachiso chechisimbiso, zvichivabvumira kubata miganhu yePV inosvika 8.3 MPa·m/s kana kupfuura pasina kugadzira mwero unoparadza wekupisa.

Pamusoro pemiganhu yePV, mainjiniya anofanirwa kuongorora kugona kwechisimbiso kubata kufamba kweaxial uye radial shaft. Zvisimbiso zveBellows—izvo zvinoshandisa simbi yakasungirirwa bhero pane kushandisa dynamic O-rings kupa simba rechitubu—zvinoshanda zvikuru mukushandiswa kwekupisa kwakanyanya nekuti zvinobvisa njodzi yekurembera kwe elastomer. Kuenzanisa michina yechitubu (multiple coil springs vs. wave springs vs. metal bellows) kwakakosha kuti kuenzaniswe kugona kwesimba rechisimbiso ne vibration profile yemuchina.

Mutengo wehupenyu hwese, kurasikirwa nesimba, uye kukanganiswa kwekuisa

Kuongorora mitengo yehupenyu hwese kunowanzoratidza kuti mutengo wekutanga wekutenga chisimbiso unomiririra pasi pe15% yemari yese yekushanda kwacho. Kushandiswa kwesimba chinhu chikuru chinosiyanisa; kurongedza kwekumanikidza kwechinyakare kunogara kuchikweshana pamugodhi kana musleeve, kuchidya simba remagetsi rakapetwa katanhatu kupfuura chisimbiso chemuchina chakaenzana. Mumakore gumi ehupenyu hwepombi ye200 kW, kurasikirwa uku kwesimba rekukweshana kunogona kuenzana nemakumi ezviuru zvemadhora emagetsi anoraswa.

Kunzwa kwekuisa zvinhu kunoitawo kuti mari ishandiswe muhupenyu hwese. Zvisimbiso zvezvikamu zvinoda kuti mugadziri aise compression yechitubu nemaoko, kazhinji zvichida kuti zvikwanisike mukati me +/- 0.5 mm. Kukanganisa zvishoma kunotungamira pakukanganiswa kwechiso kana simba rekuvhara risina kukwana. Zvisimbiso zveCartridge, nepo zvichishandisa mari yakawanda yekutanga, zvinoderedza njodzi iyi zvachose. Dhizaini yavo yeplug-and-play inoita kuti zvive nyore kugadzirisa seti yemufekitori, zvichideredza nguva yekuisa kusvika 70% uye zvinobvisa zvachose kutadza kwevana vadiki kunokonzerwa nekukanganisa kwevanhu.

Kana hurongwa hwekutsigira chisimbiso kana chirongwa cheAPI chichidikanwa

Chisimbiso chemuchina chinongovimbika chete sefirimu remvura riri pakati paro. Kana pombi inopombwa ichipisa zvakanyanya, ichikwesha zvakanyanya, kana kuti isina mafuta akakwana, sisitimu yekutsigira chisimbiso inova chinhu chinodiwa. Muyero weAmerican Petroleum Institute (API) 682 unotsanangura hurongwa hwemapaipi chaiwo ekutarisira nharaunda yechisimbiso. Semuenzaniso, Chirongwa 11 chinoshandisa nzira iri nyore yekubvisa pombi kuti itonhodze imba yechisimbiso uye kubvisa mabubbles emhepo mumvura yakachena.

Kune mvura dzine njodzi kana dzinoputika zvakanyanya, chisimbiso chine mbiri chakabatana neAPI Plan 53A chinowanzo kuve chakajairika. Plan 53A inopa mvura yakachena, ine kumanikidzwa kubva mudura rekunze kuenda kunzvimbo iri pakati pechisimbiso chemukati nechekunze. Kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti hapana kubuda kwemvura mumhepo, mvura inovhara inofanira kuchengetedzwa padzvinyiriro ye1.5 kusvika 2.0 bar (22 kusvika 29 psi) pamusoro pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kwebhokisi rekuputira. Saka kuenzanisa sarudzo dzechisimbiso kunofanira kusanganisira mari yekuvaka nekuchengetedza yemasisitimu aya anobatsira.

Maitiro Ekusarudza Chisimbiso Chakanakisisa Chekushandisa

Kuita sarudzo yakarongeka kunovimbisa kuti hapana shanduko yakakosha inoregeredzwa. Kuchinja kubva pakuenzanisa kwedzidziso kuenda kune yekupedzisira kunoda kuongororwa kwakarongeka kwe fluid rheology, geometry yemidziyo, uye zvinangwa zvekushanda zvakanangana nenzvimbo. Kugadzirisa chisimbiso zvinoenderana nenzvimbo chaiyo yeindasitiri ndiyo kiyi huru yekuwedzera nguva yekushanda nguva dzose.

Maitiro ekusarudza chisimbiso nhanho nhanho

Maitiro ekusarudza nhanho nhanho anotanga nekutsanangura mamiriro emvura: kuumbwa kwayo chaiko kwemakemikari, huwandu hwayo, simba rayo guruva, kusimba, uye kumanikidzwa kwemhepo patembiricha yekushanda. Tevere, mainjiniya anofanirwa kuverenga mamiriro ekushanduka mukati mebhokisi rekuzadza, vachitarisa kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kwekuburitsa uye chero mamiriro evacuum anogona kuitika panguva yekutanga. Ruzivo urwu runosarudza kana dhizaini yechisimbiso chisina kuenzana kana chakaenzana ichidikanwa.

Danho rechitatu kusarudza kurongeka kwechisimbiso (chimwe chete, chisina kumanikidzwa kaviri, kana chakamanikidzwa kaviri) zvichibva pamitemo yechepfu uye kuburitswa kwemhepo munzvimbo. Pakupedzisira, kusarudzwa kwezvinhu kunopedzwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutarisa hunhu hwemvura uchienzaniswa nemachati ekubatana kwemakemikari kuti utsanangure simbi yemidziyo (semuenzaniso, 316 Stainless Steel, Alloy 20, kana Hastelloy C), zvinhu zvekumeso, uye ma elastomers echipiri. Kusvetuka kana kutora data mune chero ipi yematanho aya kunotungamira mukuora kwechisimbiso nguva isati yakwana.

Kusiyana pakati pemvura, makemikari, uye mamwe mashandisirwo

Nzvimbo dzekushandisa dzinoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuvhara. Mukutakura mvura yemumaguta nemvura yakasviba, dambudziko guru inyaya dzezvimedu zvinogumbura. Zvisero mukushandiswa uku zvinowanzoshandisa misanganiswa yezviso zvakaoma (SiC/SiC) uye magadzirirwo akasimba echitubu chimwe chete kana elastomer anodzivirira kuvharika kubva kuzvinhu zvakasimba zvakasungirirwa. Kusiyana neizvi, zvikamu zvemishonga nekugadzira chikafu zvinokoshesa magadzirirwo ehutsanana ane nzvimbo dzakapoteredzwa zvakanyanya (kazhinji < 0.4 µm Ra) uye ma elastomer anoenderana neFDA kudzivirira kukura kwebhakitiriya.

Sarudzo yeChisimbiso chePombi yeMugodhi

Kugadzira hurongwa hwesarudzo hwakarongeka kunobvumira vatariri vemafekitori nemainjiniya ekuvimbika kuti vagare vachiwana, vachiongorora, uye vachiisa mhinduro dzakakodzera dzekuvhara. Hurongwa hwakasimba hunobvisa zvigadzirwa zvisina kunaka uye hunobatanidza nzira dzekutenga nezvinangwa zveinjiniya zvenguva refu, zvichiita kuti bhajeti renguva pfupi risakanganise zvivakwa zvakakosha zvefekitori.

Zviratidzo zvekunyevera nezvesarudzo dzechisimbiso dzinodhura zvishoma

Kuziva zviratidzo zvekunyevera zvezvisimbiso zvakachipa uye zvinotengeswa zvakakosha pakudzivirira michina inoshanda kwenguva refu. Zvisimbiso zvisina muripo zvinowanzokanganisa kunyatsorongeka kwekumonera kumeso. Kuti chisimbiso chemuchina chishande nemazvo, zviso zvekutanga zvinofanirwa kumonera kusvika pahurefu hwemabhendi maviri kusvika matatu ehelium, izvo zvinoreva kuti zvinokwanisa kushivirira microscope ye 0.58 kusvika 0.87 micrometers. Kumonera kusingakoshi kunoita kuti zvisimbe zvikuru uye zvisashande zvakanaka mukati memavhiki mashoma ekutanga ekushanda.

Imwe mucherechedzo mutsvuku ndeyekushandiswa kwema elastomers asina zita kana kuti generic. Kunyange zvazvo FKM O-ring yakajairika ingaratidzika yakafanana neyakaenzana ne premium, ine certification yemakemikari, kugadzirwa kwayo kunogona kusava nehuwandu hwekubatanidza hunodiwa kuti hurambe kuputika kwemhepo kana kurwiswa nemakemikari anodziya zvakanyanya. Uyezve, vatengesi vanodhura zvishoma vanowanzo shandisa zvikamu zvesimbi zvakadhindwa pane hardware yakagadzirwa nemazvo, zvichikonzera kukanganiswa kwe spring loading uye kukanganiswa kwezvisimbiso pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya.

Kuenzanisa kurongeka uye kugona kwemutengesi

Hurongwa hwesarudzo hunobudirira hunoenzanisa chishuwo chekugadziriswa kwemitengo yese nekudiwa kwehunyanzvi hwevatengesi vane hunyanzvi.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvaunofanira Kuziva

• Mhedzisiro yakakosha uye chikonzero chechisimbiso chemugodhi wepombi
• Magadzirirwo, kutevedzera mitemo, uye kuongororwa kwenjodzi zvinofanirwa kuongororwa usati waita chibvumirano
• Matanho anotevera anoshanda uye mazano anogona kushandiswa nevaverengi ipapo ipapo

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Chii chinonzi pombi shaft seal chakanakira michina inoshanda kwenguva refu?

Kune akawanda mapombi emuindasitiri anoshanda maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, chisimbiso chekaturiji ndicho chisarudzo chakanakisa nekuti chinoderedza zvikanganiso zvekuisa, chinodzora kubuda kwemvura, uye chinotsigira hupenyu hwebasa hurefu.

Ndirini pandinofanira kusarudza chisimbiso chekanika chine miviri pachinzvimbo chechisimbiso chimwe chete?

Shandisa chisimbiso chakapetwa kaviri kana paine chepfu, kuputika, kupenya, kana njodzi. Chinochengetedza zviri nani uye chinobatsira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvakasimba zvekubuda kwemvura uye zvekuchengetedza.

Sei zvisimbiso zvema cartridge zvichisarudzwa pamapombi anochengetedza nguva dzose?

Zvisimbiso zvemacartridge zvinouya zvakatogadzirwa kare uye zvakatogadzirwa kare, saka kuisa kwacho kunokurumidza uye kwakarurama. Izvi zvinoderedza zvikanganiso zvekutanga uye zvinovandudza nguva yekushandisa michina inoshanda kwenguva refu.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvechisimbiso zvinoshanda zvakanyanya pakushandisa pombi dzakaoma?

Zviso zvesilicon carbide kana tungsten carbide zvakajairika pakushanda zvakaoma. Enzanisa elastomers nezvikamu zvesimbi netembiricha, kumanikidzwa, uye makemikari kuti chisimbiso chigare kwenguva refu.

Ko Victor Seals anogona kupa zvisimbiso zvepombi zvinoenderana neOEM kune mabrandi makuru here?

Ehe. Victor Seals inopa zvisimbiso zvinotsiva uye zvinoenderana neOEM zvemhando dzakadai seGrundfos, Flygt, IMO, Alfa Laval, APV, Lowara, Fristam, naAllweiler.