Ndeipi Chisimbiso Chemuchina Chinodziya Nekupisa Chinogara Kwenguva Refu?

Nhanganyaya

Mukushandiswa kwekupisa kwakanyanya, hupenyu hwechisimbiso chemakanika hunoenderana nezvinopfuura chiyero chayo kana muganho wekupisa kwakanyanya. Kugara kwenguva refu kunobva pamaitiro echisimbiso anobata nawo kukanganiswa kwekupisa, mafuta ekumeso, shanduko dzekumanikidzwa, uye mamiriro ekutsigira nekufamba kwenguva. Chinyorwa chino chinoenzanisa mhando dzechisimbiso dzinowanzo shandiswa pamusoro pe200°C, chinotsanangura kuti nei dzimwe dzichikundikana nekukurumidza kunyangwe dzichitaridzika dzakakodzera papepa, uye chinoratidza kuti ndeapi magadzirirwo anonyanya kukanganisa hupenyu hwekushanda. Pakupedzisira, vaverengi vachave nehwaro hwakajeka hwekutonga kuti ndechipi chisimbiso chemakanika chekupisa kwakanyanya chinogara kwenguva yakareba mukushandisa pombi uye maitiro akaomarara.

Nei Seal Service Life Ichikosha Mukushandiswa Kwekupisa Kwakanyanya

Zvisimbiso zvemuchina zvinoshandamunzvimbo dzinopfuura 200°C (392°F) zvinounza matambudziko akakomba ethermodynamic uye metallurgical. Mukushandiswa uku kwekupisa kwakanyanya, kusarudza kuti ndechipi chisimbiso chinopa hupenyu hwakareba hwebasa chinoda kuongorora zvese kusimba kwekupisa kwechisimbiso uye mafambiro ehurongwa hwakapoteredza. Chisimbiso chinogara kwenguva refu hachisi chinhu chakasimba chete; ndicho chinhu chikuru chinoshanda nguva dzose uye chakachengeteka muchigadzirwa.

Mhedzisiro yekuvharwa, kubuda kwemvura, uye kugadzirisa

Migumisiro yemari uye yekushanda kwekukundikana kwechisimbiso nguva isati yakwana mumasisitimu ekupisa kwakanyanya. Kuputika kamwe chete kwechisimbiso kwakaipisisa mupombi yemvura inopisazvinogona kukonzera kuvharwa kwefekitori nekukasika, nemitengo yenguva yekudzima kwefekitori mumafuta epetrochemical inowanzo pfuura $50,000 paawa. Uyezve, kudonha kwemvura panguva yekupisa kwakanyanya kunokonzera njodzi dzakakomba dzekuchengetedza uye dzezvakatipoteredza, kusanganisira kupiswa kwemhepo inoputika (VOCs) uye kutyorwa kwemitemo yakasimba yeutsi hunobuda, iyo inowanzo raira kuti mwero wekudonha kwemvura usvike pasi pe500 parts per million (ppm). Nguva yakareba yebasa inoderedza zvakananga njodzi idzi dzisingagamuchirwi dzemari nedzenharaunda.

Mashandisirwo apo hupenyu hwechisimbiso hunotungamira kusarudzwa

Kudiwa kwenguva refu kwechisimbiso kunonyanya kuonekwa mumaindasitiri anoenderera mberi nekushanda. Mapombi emvura ebhoyila, anoshanda patembiricha inosvika 250°C (482°F) uye kumanikidzwa kunopfuura 150 bar, anoda zvisimbiso zvinogona kutsungirira kuchinja kwechikamu nekukurumidza uye kupenya kwemvura. Saizvozvowo, mapombi emvura anofambisa kupisa (HTF) anotenderera mafuta ekugadzira pa350°C kusvika 400°C (662°F kusvika 752°F) anodanzira dzakagadzirwa dzekusimbisaizvo zvinodzivisa kuora kwakanyanya kwekupisa. Munzvimbo dzinonyungudutswa ne vacuum uye munzvimbo dzinononoka kubika, uko mahydrocarbon anorema anogochwa kuita zvinhu zvakasimba zvinopisa, kugona kwechisimbiso chemuchina kurarama kupisa kwakanyanya pasina kuvhara kunova chinhu chikuru chinotungamira kusarudzwa kwemidziyo.

Chii Chinosarudza Hupenyu hweChisimbiso cheMichina paTembiricha Yakanyanya

Kugara kwenguva refu kwechisimbiso chemuchina pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya kunoenderana nekukwanisa kwacho kuchengetedza firimu remvura rakagadzikana, kudzivirira kukanganiswa kwakanyanya kwekupisa, uye kugamuchira kuwedzera kwakasiyana kwekupisa kwezvikamu zvayo zvemukati. Kana tembiricha ikakwira, viscosity yemvura inoderera, zvichisundira zviso zvechisimbiso pedyo nekunyoroveswa kwemuganhu uye nekukurumidza kupera.

Zvinhu zvekugadzira chisimbiso

Dhizaini yechivakwa chechisimbiso ndiyo inonyanya kukosha pakutsungirira kupisa kwakanyanya. Zvisimbiso zvekusundidzira, zvinoshandisa maO-rings anochinja-chinja kuti zvifambise mberi chisimbiso pachinenge chapera, zvinogona kubatwa zvakanyanya kana ma elastomers aora kana kuti ma coke emvura ari mu processing fluid ari pamugodhi. Kusiyana neizvi, zvisimbiso zvesimbi zvinosundidzira zvakasungirirwa mumucheto zvinoonekwa sezvinodiwa neindasitiri yekupisa kunodarika 260°C (500°F). Nekubvisa dynamic secondary elastomer, zvisimbiso zvekusundidzira zvinochengetedza kutaridzika kwakasimba uye zvinobvumira kuwedzera kwemugodhi pasina njodzi yeO-ring carbonization.

Zvinhu zvekushandisa pazviso, zvisimbiso zvechipiri, uye zvikamu zvesimbi

Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu kwakakoshakuti pave nekugadzikana kwekupisa. Kune zvisimbiso, sintered silicon carbide (SiC) inopa mafambiro akanaka ekupisa uye inogona kutsungirira tembiricha dzezvakatipoteredza kusvika 1,400°C, kunyangwe ichikurumidza kubatwa nekupisa. Tungsten carbide yakabatana ne specialized blister-resistant carbon graphite inowanzo shandiswa pakushandisa petroleum inopisa zvakanyanya. Kune zvisimbiso zvechipiri, perfluoroelastomers (FFKM) inosvika pamuganhu wayo wekupisa wakazara pedyo ne327°C (620°F). Kupfuura mwero uyu, flexible graphite wedges kana Grafoil packing—inokwanisa kutsungirira kusvika 450°C (842°F) munzvimbo dzinopisa uye kupfuura 1,000°C munzvimbo dzisina kusimba—inofanira kushandiswa. Metallurgy yebellows inowanzoda ma high-nickel alloys akadai seAlloy 718 kana Hastelloy C-276 kudzivirira kukwira kwekupisa kwakanyanya uye kuchengetedza mwero chaiwo wechirimo.

Maitiro akajairika ekukundikana pasi pekupisa

Kupisa kunokonzera nzira dzakasiyana dzekukundikana dzinopfupisa hupenyu hwechisimbiso zvakanyanya. Kukanganiswa kwekupisa, senge coning kana camming, kunochinja mukaha uri pakati pezvisimbiso, zvichikonzera kubuda kwemvura yakawanda kana kuoma kumhanya. Kubika kunoitika kana mahydrocarbon achiora panzvimbo dzechisimbiso chinopisa, zvichigadzira carbon deposits inoparadza kusasimba kwechiso. Pamusoro pezvo, elastomer extrusion uye heat-check (kupwanyika kwezviso zvakaoma nekuda kwekukurumidza kupisa) zvinokonzera anopfuura 40% yekukundikana kusati kwasvika nguva mumaitikiro anoshanda nguva dzose pamusoro pe200°C.

Maitiro Ekuenzanisa Zvisimbiso Zvemagetsi Zvinopisa Zvikuru

Kuenzanisa zvisimbiso zvekupisa kwakanyanya kunoda nzira yekuongorora, kuongorora miganhu yekushanda inochinja uye kukanganisa kwehupfumi kwenguva refu pane kungovimba chete nemazinga ekupisa asingachinji akadhindwa papepa rezvakatsanangurwa.

Zvinodiwa zvikuru pakushanda

Mainjiniya anofanirwa kuongorora muganho wekumanikidza (PV), izvo zvinotsanangura kugona kwechisimbiso kubata kupisa kunogadzirwa panzvimbo dzinosangana. Zvisimbiso zvinopisa zvakanyanya zvinofanirwa kutsigira PV zvinodarika 50,000 psi-ft/min (17.5 MPa-m/s) pasina kupenya firimu remvura. Pamusoro pezvo, kushivirira kumeso kwakapfava kunofanirwa kuchengetedzwa zvakanyanya pasi pemutoro wekupisa, kazhinji kunoda kuongororwa kwemaziso kwe2 kusvika ku3 helium light bands (inenge 0.58 kusvika 0.87 microns) kuti ive nechokwadi chekupararira kwemutoro kwakafanana uye kudzivirira kutarisa kupisa kwenzvimbo.

Tafura yekufananidza yekuongorora chisimbiso

Tafura inotevera inosiyanisa magadzirirwo maviri makuru echisimbiso anoshandiswa mukushandiswa kwekupisa kwakanyanya, ichiratidza kuti nei magadzirirwo chaiwo achigara kwenguva refu kupfuura mamwe mukupisa kwakanyanya.

Mutengo wehupenyu hwese uye MTBF

Kunyange zvazvo chisimbiso chesimbi chine mativi chakasungirirwa chinogona kuva nemari yepamusoro yekutenga kwekutanga ne150% kusvika 200% kana tichienzanisa nechisimbiso che pusher chakajairwa, hupfumi hwenguva yehupenyu hunonyanya kufarira dhizaini yekupisa kwakanyanya. Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) ndiyo chiyero chakakosha chehupenyu hwechokwadi. Kuvandudza apombi yemafuta anopisakusvika pachisimbiso chebellow chakanongedzerwa kunogona kuwedzera MTBF kubva pamwedzi misere isingagamuchirwi kusvika kumwedzi inopfuura makumi mana nemasere. Pakugadzirisa basa, zvikamu zvekutsiva, uye kudzivirira nguva yekuzorora, mari yese yekuva muridzi (TCO) mumakore mashanu inowanzo deredzwa ne40% kana kupfuura.

Maitiro Ekuedza uye Kusarudza Chisimbiso Chakakodzera

Kusimbisa chisimbiso chemuchina kana paine tembiricha yakanyanya kunoda nzira dzakaoma dzekuyedza uye nzira isingachinji yekuvimbisa mhando uye magwaro chisimbiso chisati chasvika pasi pefekitori.

Matanho ekusarudza kudzivirira kukundikana nguva isati yakwana

Kusarudza chisimbiso chakakodzera kunosanganisira kutevedzera mitemo yeindasitiri, kunyanya API 682 yezvikamu zvemafuta, gasi, uye petrochemical. Danho rakakosha mukudzivirira kutadza kushanda nguva isati yakwana kusarudza chirongwa chakakodzera chepombi. Kazhinji, chisimbiso hachigone kurarama tembiricha yakanyanya yekushanda zvakananga. Kushandisa API Plan 23, iyo inodzokorodza mvura kuburikidza nechisimbiso chinotonhorera, kana API Plan 53B barrier fluid system, kunogona kuderedza tembiricha yekamuri rechisimbiso kubva pa350°C kusvika pa150°C inogoneka. Kuongorora zvinodiwa nekupisa kwechirongwa chekutsvaira kwakakosha sekusarudza chisimbiso chaicho.

Hunhu hwekugadzira uye kurongeka kwezvinhu

Kukwanisa kugadzira zvisimbiso zvinopisa zvakanyanya hakurevi mukana wekukanganisa. Kusimba kwesimbi pamipendero yesimbi ndiko kunonyanya kukosha; vagadziri vanofanirwa kushandisa micro-plasma welding chaiyo uye kuita helium mass spectrometry leak testing kusvika pachiyero che1 × 10^-8 atm cc/sec kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti mipendero haizobvaruki kana paine kupisa kwakanyanya. Uyezve, kutevedza zvinhu kwakakosha, sezvo kuumbwa kwemakemikari chaiwo kwebellows alloy kunotungamira zvakananga pakugara kwayo mukuneta kwakanyanya uye kuchengetedza kwayo spring.

Zvinodiwa pakutevedzera mitemo uye magwaro

Magwaro ekutevedzera mitemo anopa humbowo hwemhando yepamusoro inodiwa pakuvaka zvivakwa zvakakosha. Mainjiniya anofanirwa kuda mishumo yekuongorora zvinhu yeEN 10204 Type 3.1 (MTRs) yezvikamu zvese zvesimbi zvinochengetedza kumanikidzwa uye zvinochinja-chinja. Mukushandiswa uko tembiricha yepamusoro inosanganiswa negasi rinonaka kana zvinhu zvinoparadza, kutevedzera kwakasimba kweNACE MR0175/ISO 15156 kunodiwa kudzivirira kutsemuka kwe sulfide muzvikamu zvesimbi zvechisimbiso patembiricha yakakwira.

Maitiro Ekusarudza Mamiriro Akasiyana Ekushanda

Pakupedzisira, chisimbiso chemuchina chinogara kwenguva refu ndicho chinonyatsoenderana nemaitiro chaiwo ethermodynamic e process fluid uye mashandisirwo akawandisa emuchina wekupomba.

Nhungamiro yekusarudza zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemvura uye tembiricha

Hunhu hwemvura hunotonga nzira yekuvhara mvura inopisa. Mvura inopisa zvakanyanya (chikafu chemuboiler) haina mafuta akawanda uye inopenya nekukasira kana kumanikidzwa kwadzikira, zvichida magadzirirwo emhando yepamusoro ekutonhodza mvura inopisa. Kusiyana neizvi, mafuta ekupisa anopa mafuta ari nani asi anowanzo kubikwa nekuoma kana akasangana nemhepo.

Hurongwa hwesarudzo dzekupedzisira

Chisarudzo chekupedzisira chinofanira kugadzira tembiricha, kumanikidzwa, uye makemikari anoenderana. Mainjiniya anofanira kuverenga kusiyana kwekuwedzera kwekupisa pakati pepombi, shaft, uye seal gland. Kana zvikamu izvi zvikawedzera nematanho akasiyana zvakanyanya panguva yekutanga, gap re extrusion rinodarika 0.15 mm rinogona kuumbwa, zvichikonzera kuputika kwechisimbiso nekukurumidza pasinei nekupisa kwemukati kwechisimbiso. Nekuisa pamatanda esimbi asingachinji ane graphite secondary seals patembiricha dzinopfuura 260°C, uye kuvatsigira nezvirongwa zvakasimba zvekutonhodza zveAPI, vashandisi vanogona kuwana hupenyu hwebasa hwemakore akawanda mukushandiswa kwekupisa kwakanyanya.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvaunofanira Kuziva

• Mhedziso dzakakosha uye chikonzero chekuti ndechipi chisimbiso cheMichina cheHigh Temperature Chinogara Kwenguva Refu?
• Magadzirirwo, kutevedzera mitemo, uye kuongororwa kwenjodzi zvinofanirwa kuongororwa usati waita chibvumirano
• Matanho anotevera anoshanda uye mazano anogona kushandiswa nevaverengi ipapo ipapo

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Ndeipi chisimbiso chemuchina chinodziya zvakanyanya chinowanzogara kwenguva yakareba kupfuura 260°C?

Chisimbiso chesimbi chakabatanidzwa nemucheto chinowanzogara kwenguva yakareba nekuti chinodzivirira kusungirirwa kwe elastomer inochinja-chinja uye chinobata zviri nani kukura kwemubato nekupisa.

Sei zvisimbiso zvepusher zvichikurumidza kutadza kushanda pabasa repombi inopisa?

Mhete dzavo dzeO-ring dzinoshanda dzinogona kuoma, kuita kabhoni, kana kunamira pamugodhi, zvichikonzera kusatevedzera zvakanaka kumeso, kubuda kwemvura, uye kupera nekukurumidza kana zvinhu zvichipisa zvakanyanya.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvechiso zvakanakira kugara kwenguva refu kwechisimbiso pakupisa kwakanyanya?

Sarudzo dzinogara kwenguva refu dzinosanganisira silicon carbide yekufambisa kupisa uye tungsten carbide ine blister-resistant carbon yekupisa petroleum uye hydrocarbon services.

Ko Victor Seals inogona kupa zvinhu zvinotsiva tembiricha yepamusoro zvinoenderana neOEM here?

Ehe. Victor Seals inopa zvisimbiso zvemakanika zvinoenderana neOEM uye zvinotsiva zvemhando dzakadai seIMO, Alfa Laval, Grundfos, APV, Flygt, Fristam, Lowara, naAllweiler.

Mapombi ekugadzirisa anogona sei kuwedzera hupenyu hwechisimbiso mumapombi anodziya zvakanyanya?

Tarisa mashandiro ehurongwa hwekugezesa mvura, dzivisa kuyerera kwakaoma, dzora kuvhunduka kwekupisa, enzanisa zvinhu nemvura netembiricha, uye dzorera zvisimbiso usati wakuvadza kumeso.